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Lesson 1

Emergency Care and Treatment (ECAT). Lesson 1. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety. Incident Size-up & Personnel Safety. Objectives Describe how your local command structure and response system works and how to perform within it.

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Lesson 1

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  1. Emergency Care and Treatment (ECAT) Lesson 1 Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety

  2. Incident Size-up & Personnel Safety • Objectives • Describe how your local command structure and response system works and how to perform within it. • Recognize the potential hazards in the emergency response and what can be done to remain safe. • Identify danger signs that may be observed at an emergency scene. • Describe several actions that may be taken to prevent injuries of the responder. Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  3. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety What hazards are evident in this scene? Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  4. Incident Size-up & Personnel Safety What hazards are evident in this scene? Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  5. Incident Size-up & Personnel Safety What hazards are evident in this scene? Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  6. Incident Size-up & Personnel Safety What hazards are evident in this scene? Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  7. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety I. Communication: A Safety Issue A. First Impressions 1. How the Patient Sees You 2. Appearance and Attitude Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  8. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety I. Communication: A Safety Issue (cont’d) B. Communication Tools C. Interview Techniques Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  9. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety II. Driving and Traffic Safety A. Driving for Safety 1. Basic Safety Tips 2. Seat Belts 3. Lights and Sirens 4. Hearing Protection 5. Protecting the Patient Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  10. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety II. Driving and Traffic Safety (cont’d) B. Staying Safe in Traffic on Foot 1.Park for Maximum Safety 2. Get out of the Vehicle Safely 3. Wear Protective Equipment 4. Channel Traffic Away from the Scene Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  11. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety II. Driving and Traffic Safety (cont’d) C. Protecting Those in the Patient Compartment • Hanging On and Bracing • Securing the Patient • Securing Equipment • Performing CPR in a Moving Ambulance Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  12. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety III. Scene Safety A. Plan B. Observe C. React • Retreat • Radio • Reevaluate Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  13. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety • Personal Safety • Protecting Yourself from Hostile People • The Hostile Scene 2. Protect Your Health Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  14. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety VI. Personal Safety(cont’d) • Infectious Disease Precautions • The Process of Transmission • Universal Precautions • Infectious Diseases Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  15. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety VI. Personal Safety (cont’d) • Diseases of Concern • Hepatitis B a. Signs and Symptoms b. Protective Procedures Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  16. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety • Personal Safety (cont’d) 2. Tuberculosis a. Signs and Symptoms b. Protective Procedures Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  17. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety • Personal Safety (cont’d) 3. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) a. Signs and Symptoms b. Protective Procedures Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  18. Incident Size-up and Personnel Safety VI. Personal Safety (cont’d) D. Preventing Infection 1. CPR and Infection 2. Recommended Immunizations 3. Hand Washing Guidelines 4. General Guidelines Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  19. Don’t be blinded! Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  20. Emergency Care and Treatment (ECAT) Lesson 2 Kinematics of Trauma

  21. Kinematics of Trauma • Objectives • Identify mechanism of injury as an important part of the assessment of a trauma patient. • Identify the injuries associated with common vehicular accidents. • Explain the types of trauma caused by falls, stabbings, bullet wounds, and blast injuries. Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  22. Kinematics of Trauma Introduction I. Common Mechanisms of Injury Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  23. Kinematics of Trauma I. Common Mechanisms of Injury(cont’d.) A. Automobile Accidents 1. Head-on Impact 2. Rear Impact 3. Side Impact 4. Rotational Impact 5. Rollover 6. Ejections/Projections 7. Restraints Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  24. Kinematics of Trauma I. Common Mechanisms of Injury(cont’d.) B. Motorcycle Accidents 1. Head-on Impact 2. Angular Impact 3. Ejection 4. Laying the Bike Down Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  25. Kinematics of Trauma I. Common Mechanisms of Injury(cont’d.) C. Recreational Vehicle Accidents 1. All terrain Vehicle 2. Personal Water Craft D. Boats E. Falls 1. Feet-first impact 2. Head-first Impact 3. Angular Impact Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  26. Kinematics of Trauma I. Common Mechanisms of Injury(cont’d.) F. Penetrating Trauma 1. Low-Velocity Injuries 2. Medium and High-Velocity Injuries G. Blast Injuries II. Patient Assessment Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  27. Motion and Movement ! Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  28. Emergency Care and Treatment (ECAT) Lesson 3 Airway and Breathing with Spinal Management

  29. Airway & Breathing with Spinal Management • Objectives • List the initial steps of opening the airway of a patient with a spinal injury. • Describe how to maintain spinal immobilization when maintaining and open airway of a patient with a spinal injury. ……..(more) Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  30. Airway & Breathing with Spinal Management • Objectives (cont’d) 3. Describe the signs of respiratory distress 4. Demonstrate the steps to use an oral airway and bag-valve mask. 5. Understand the need for supplemental oxygen and how to properly and safely deliver it. Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  31. Airway & Breathing with Spinal Management • Spinal Management A. Manual immobilization B. Cervical Collar C. Other ways to immobilize the C-spine D. Use of a backboard (covered in lesson 5) Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  32. Airway & Breathing with Spinal Management II. Airway • Patient Assessment • Determine Unresponsiveness • Adults • Infants and Children • Head, Neck, and Spine Injuries • Open the Airway Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  33. Airway & Breathing with Spinal Management III. Breathing A. Assessment 1. Signs of effective breathing 2. Signs of ineffective breathing Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  34. Airway and Breathing with Spinal Management IV. Assisting Breathing of the Patient A. Oral Airway B. Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) C. Oxygen Delivery Equipment 1. Safety precautions 2. Oxygen Administration Equipment a) Nasal Canula b) Plastic Face Masks c) Non re-breathing Masks d) Venturi Masks Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  35. CPR Review I. Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) A. How the Heart Works B. When the Heart Stops 1. Performing Chest Compressions 2. One-Person CPR a) A Second Rescuer Takes Over 3. Two-Person CPR a) Changing Positions b) Monitoring the Patient Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  36. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) C. Signs of Successful CPR D. Mistakes in Performing CPR E. Complications Caused by CPR F. CPR for Infants and Children 1. Establishing Unresponsiveness or Respiratory Difficulty 2. Determining Pulselessness Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  37. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) F. CPR for Infants and Children (cont’d) 3. Performing CPR 4. Signs of Successful CPR 5. Complications of CPR in Children G. Pre-hospital Defibrillation 1. Management of the Sudden Cardiac Death Patient Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  38. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) G. Pre-hospital Defibrillation (cont’d) 2. Automated Defibrillation a) Step 1: Anticipation and Planning While En Route to the Scene b) Step 2: Scene Entry and Placement c) Step 3: Check Patient and Start CPR d) Step 4: Prepare Patient and Attach Electrodes Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  39. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) G. Pre-hospital Defibrillation (cont’d) 2. Automated Defibrillation (cont’d) e) Step 5: Power On and Rhythm Analysis (1) Narration (2) Getting Clear (3) Assessment (4) Charging Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  40. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) G. Pre-hospital Defibrillation (cont’d) 2. Automated Defibrillation (cont’d) f) Step 6: Defibrillation (1) Semiautomatic AED (2) Automatic AED (3) Outcomes of Use of AEDS g) Step 7: Patient Stabilization and Maintenance Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  41. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) G. Pre-hospital Defibrillation (cont’d) 2. Automated Defibrillation (cont’d) h) Step 8: Family Notification and Spectators i) Step 9: Transport j) Step 10: Transfer of Care to Hospital Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  42. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (cont’d) H. Maintenance Checklist I. When to Terminate or Withhold CPR Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  43. CPR Review II. Obstructed Airway Emergencies A. Types of Airway Obstruction • Partial Obstruction • Complete Obstruction B. Emergency Care for Airway Obstruction • The Heimlich Maneuver a) The Patient is Standing or Sitting b) The Patient is Lying Down Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  44. CPR Review III. Obstructed Airway Emergencies (cont’d) B. Emergency Care for Airway Obstruction (cont’d) • The Heimlich Maneuver (cont’d) c) The Patient is Obese or Pregnant d) You are Alone and Choking e) The Patient is Found Unconscious Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  45. CPR Review II. Obstructed Airway Emergencies (cont’d) B. Emergency Care for Airway Obstruction (cont’d) • Obstructed Airway in the Infant or Child a) Signs and Symptoms b) The Choking Infant c) The Choking Infant: Unconscious d) The Child Over the Age of One Year Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  46. CPR Review Basic Life Support: Artificial Ventilation (cont’d) B. Rescue Breathing (cont’d) 3. Mouth-to-Stoma Ventilation 4. Mouth-to-Barrier Device Ventilation a) Pocket Masks b) Face Shields 5. Ventilating Infants and Children C. Gastric Distention Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  47. CPR Review III. Optional Aids to Resuscitation The Use of Airway Adjuncts Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  48. Overcoming Obstacles! Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

  49. Emergency Care and Treatment (ECAT) Lesson 4 Patient Head-to-Toe Exam and What Vital Signs Mean

  50. Patient Head-to-Toe Exam Objectives • Understand the organization of proper patient assessment. • Describe the steps of the initial assessment. • Understand normal and recognize abnormal vital signs. …..(more) Emergency Care And Treatment (ECAT) in Disasters

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