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Working Group Two: Controlling Animal Influenza and Decreasing Animal-to-Human Transmission

John R. LaMontagne Memorial Symposium on Pandemic Influenza Research April 4-5, 2005 Institute of Medicine. Working Group Two: Controlling Animal Influenza and Decreasing Animal-to-Human Transmission Research Recommendations. Highest Priorities. Immediate term

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Working Group Two: Controlling Animal Influenza and Decreasing Animal-to-Human Transmission

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  1. John R. LaMontagne Memorial Symposiumon Pandemic Influenza ResearchApril 4-5, 2005Institute of Medicine Working Group Two: Controlling Animal Influenza and Decreasing Animal-to-Human Transmission Research Recommendations

  2. Highest Priorities • Immediate term • Epidemiology studies (human and animal) • Reverse genetics • 5 yr term • Identify control measures: introduce & assess • Technologies to better regulate animal influenza vaccines • 10 yr term • Improve animal vaccines • Develop relevant animal models

  3. Immediate: Epidemiology • Country specific epidemiological studies – both animals and humans • Conduct surveillance in industrial settings, village farms, markets (also captive birds) • Conduct studies to identify risks for humans • Where are humans acquiring infections? • Why don’t these individuals become sick (or infected) • Develop a more accessible serology method; micro-NT necessary (standardization ongoing) • Complement epi studies by evaluating pathogenesis in affected bird species – domestic, captive and wild birds

  4. Immediate: Reverse Genetics • Perform reverse genetic studies to identify avian influenza genes from specific strains with greatest interspecies transfer potential • Caution should be exercised as to the appropriate biosafety level for re-assortant studies to generate a potentially pandemic strain by reverse genetics • Develop methods to assess person to person transmission potential

  5. 5-yr: Identify control measures • Identify control strategies optimized for conditions in Developing Countries • Assess creative solutions for smallholders: education, economic incentives, changes in agricultural systems • Perform knowledge, attitude, practice studies • Assess all strata (recreational vs village vs industry) • Assess what interventions are practiced • Leverage local pathways for communication • Leverage public education system to introduce better practices • Perform operational research to assess impact of interventions such as education including baseline surveys

  6. 5-yr: Technologies to better regulate animal influenza vaccines • Improve standards of purity, safety & potency of AI vaccines • Research to improve procedures for lot release (potency): what is it and how should it be measured? • Greater regulatory oversight (internationally) • Studies to confirm efficacy of AI vaccines in chickens and also ducks, geese and other minor poultry species • Need effectiveness studies to monitor product • Particularly in Asia if vaccines will be used for AI control • Develop vaccines for domestic ducks and geese

  7. 10-yr: Improve Vaccines • Cell culture production • New adjuvant systems • Oils which can be metabolized • Vaccines which reduce transmission (Sterilizing immunity is unachievable) • Mass delivery techniques

  8. 10-yr: Animal Models • Develop animal models to predict & understand potential for circulating animal influenza viruses including H5N1 Asian viruses to infect humans and be transmitted from human to human

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