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Chapter 8: Drugs

Chapter 8: Drugs. Chapter Objectives. The difference between over-the-counter and prescription drugs. Potential adverse side effects of drugs. Interaction between drugs. The generic name and the trade name of a drug. Drug references. Word parts pertaining to drugs.

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Chapter 8: Drugs

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  1. Chapter 8: Drugs

  2. Chapter Objectives • The difference between over-the-counter and prescription drugs. • Potential adverse side effects of drugs. • Interaction between drugs. • The generic name and the trade name of a drug. • Drug references. • Word parts pertaining to drugs. • Major categories of drugs and how they act. • Common herbal medicines, how they act, issues involved in their use. • Common routes of drug administration. • Standard forms in which liquid and solid drugs are prepared. • Abbreviations related to drugs and their use.

  3. Key Terms

  4. Key Terms (cont’d)

  5. AbbreviationsDrugs and Drug Formulations

  6. AbbreviationsDrugs and Drug Formulations (cont’d)

  7. AbbreviationsDosages and Directions

  8. Abbreviations Dosages and Directions (cont’d)

  9. AbbreviationsDosages and Directions (cont’d)

  10. AbbreviationsDosages and Directions (cont’d)

  11. Drugs • Substance that alters body function • Derived from: • Natural plants • Animals • Mineral sources • Synthetic material • Genetic engineering • Obtained OTC or by prescription • FDA regulates

  12. Word Parts Pertaining to Drugs

  13. Word Parts Pertaining to Drugs (cont’d)

  14. Word Parts Pertaining to Drugs (cont’d)

  15. Adverse Drug Effects • Sometimes have effects not intended: • Side effects, usually minor • Anaphylaxis = severe allergic reaction • May not be used even if normally beneficial: • Contraindications = reasons not to use based on specific info about individual • Synergy or antagonist drugs reacting with /against each other • Sometimes cause substance dependence or tolerance

  16. Drug Names • Generic • Simple version of chemical name for drug • Not capitalized • Brand name • Registered trademark of manufacturer • Same drug by different companies have different trade names • Begins with capital letter

  17. Drug Information • Four sources: • United States Pharmacopeia • Published by national committee of pharmacologists • Contains standards for: • Testing drug strength • Testing drug quality • Testing drug purity • Preparation of drugs • Dispensing of drugs

  18. Drug Information (cont’d) • American Society of Health System Pharmacists (ASHP) • Physician’s Desk Reference • Information supplied by drug manufacturers • Pharmacist

  19. Herbal Medicines • Use of plants to treat disease • Technical term for herbal medicine: phytomedicine • Ongoing issues: • Purity • Safety • Concentration • Efficacy (effectiveness) • Drug interactions

  20. Herbal Medicines (cont’d) • No FDA testing or regulation • Office of Dietary Support supports and coordinates research

  21. Pretest The federal agency that approves drugs for sale is the: (a) Food and Drug Administration (b) US Department of Agriculture (c) Department of Health and Human Services (d) Occupational Safety and Health Administration

  22. Pretest The federal agency that approves drugs for sale is the: (a) Food and Drug Administration (b) US Department of Agriculture (c) Department of Health and Human Services (d) Occupational Safety and Health Administration

  23. Pretest • A reason for not using a specific drug is: (a) prescription (b) prognosis (c) counterpurpose (d) contraindication

  24. Pretest • A reason for not using a specific drug is: (a) prescription (b) prognosis (c) counterpurpose (d) contraindication

  25. Pretest • A manufacturer’s registered name for a drug is its: (a) chemical name (b) generic name (c) brand name (d) over the counter name

  26. Pretest • A manufacturer’s registered name for a drug is its: (a) chemical name (b) generic name (c) brand name (d) over the counter name

  27. Pretest • A written and signed order for a drug is a(n): (a) license (b) prescription (c) indication (d) therapy

  28. Pretest • A written and signed order for a drug is a(n): (a) license (b) prescription (c) indication (d) therapy

  29. Pretest • The word root for drug or medicine is: (a) pharm (b) scop (c) log (d) lapar

  30. Pretest • The word root for drug or medicine is: (a) pharm (b) scop (c) log (d) lapar

  31. Pretest • An analgesic is a drug used for: (a) fractures (b) water retention (c) coma (d) pain

  32. Pretest • An analgesic is a drug used for: (a) fractures (b) water retention (c) coma (d) pain

  33. Pretest • An antihypertensive drug affects: (a) blood pressure (b) diet (c) growth (d) ovulation

  34. Pretest • An antihypertensive drug affects: (a) blood pressure (b) diet (c) growth (d) ovulation

  35. Pretest • The solvent in an aqueous solution is: (a) acid (b) water (c) salt (d) base

  36. Pretest • The solvent in an aqueous solution is: (a) acid (b) water (c) salt (d) base

  37. Pretest • The abbreviation IV means: (a) inverted (b) introverted (c) intravenous (d) inviable

  38. Pretest • The abbreviation IV means: (a) inverted (b) introverted (c) intravenous (d) inviable

  39. Pretest • The abbreviation prn means: (a) as needed (b) once a day (c) each night (d) before meals

  40. Pretest • The abbreviation prn means: (a) as needed (b) once a day (c) each night (d) before meals

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