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DIURETICS. How do they work? WHAT DO THEY DO? When do I use them? How do I use them?. Ethacrynic Acid. Furosemide. Bumetanide. Torsemide. Na-K-2Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS. Also Called: Loop Diuretics High Ceiling Diuretics. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS. Treatment for Severe Edema.
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DIURETICS How do they work? WHAT DO THEY DO? When do I use them? How do I use them?
Ethacrynic Acid Furosemide Bumetanide Torsemide Na-K-2Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS • Also Called: • Loop Diuretics • High Ceiling Diuretics
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Treatment for Severe Edema Increase Na Excretion to 25% of Filtered Load Treatment for Oliguric ARF Increase Urine Volume Treatment for Hypercalcemia Increase Ca Excretion Treatment for Hyponatremia Impair Free Water Reabsorption Treatment for Pulmonary Edema Increase Venous Capacitance
ADVERSE EFFECTS Profound ECFV Depletion Hypocalcemia Hypokalemia Ototoxicity Metabolic Alkalosis Hyperuricemia Hypomagnesemia Hyperglycemia
OTHER EFFECTS Block TGF Release PGs Increase Renin Release Increase & Redistribute RBF
Na-Cl SYMPORT INHIBITORS • Also Called: • Thiazide Diuretics • Thiazide-Like Diuretics Hydrochlorothiazide Chlorthalidone Metolazone Chlorothiazide
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Increase Na Excretion to 5% of Filtered Load Treatment for Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Treatment for Hypertension Treatment for Mild Edema Treatment for Calcium Nephrolithiasis Decrease Ca Excretion
ADVERSE EFFECTS Hypercalcemia ECFV Depletion Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hyperuricemia Metabolic Alkalosis Hypomagnesemia Hyperglycemia Impotence Increased LDL
Na CHANNELINHIBITORS • Also Called: • K-Sparing Diuretics Triamterene Amiloride
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Used in Combination with Loop & Thiazide Diuretics Enhance Natriuresis Caused by Other Diuretics Prevent Hypokalemia Block Na Channels Treatment for Lithium-Induced Diabetes Insipidus Treatment for Liddle’s Syndrome
ADVERSE EFFECTS Triamterene Amiloride Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia Renal Stones Interstitial Nephritis Megaloblastosis
MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS • Also Called: • K-Sparing Diuretics • Aldosterone Antagonists Spironolactone Eplerenone
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS Used in Combination with Loop & Thiazide Diuretics Enhances Natriuresis Caused by Other Diuretics Prevents Hypokalemia Blocks Aldosterone Treatment for Primary Hyper-aldosteronism Treatment for Heart Failure Treatment for Edema of Liver Cirrhosis Treatment for Hypertension
ADVERSE EFFECTS Gastritis Hyperkalemia Peptic Ulcers Metabolic Acidosis Impotence Deepening of Voice CNS Side Effects Hirsutism Gynecomastia Menstrual Irregularities