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Shaping an Ecosystem: “ I get by with a little help from my friends… .”

Shaping an Ecosystem: “ I get by with a little help from my friends… .”. OBJECTIVE: Identify Different Interactions among species. Parts of an Ecosystem. An Ecosystem is made of BIOTIC and ABIOTIC parts. BIOTIC components are the living parts of the ecosystem. Examples are:

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Shaping an Ecosystem: “ I get by with a little help from my friends… .”

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  1. Shaping an Ecosystem: “I get by with a little help from my friends….” OBJECTIVE: Identify Different Interactions among species

  2. Parts of an Ecosystem An Ecosystem is made of BIOTIC and ABIOTIC parts BIOTIC components are the living parts of the ecosystem Examples are: • Plants • Animals • Fungi • Bacteria

  3. Parts of an Ecosystem An Ecosystem is made of BIOTIC and ABIOTIC Components ABIOTIC components are the NON-living parts of the ecosystem Examples are: • Water • Air • Temperature • Sunlight

  4. Habitat • The ecosystem in which an organism lives.

  5. Niche • Full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way the organism uses those conditions.

  6. Symbiosis Definitions • A Niche Includes: • Food: What it eats and how it’s obtained, where is it on the food web? What eats it? • Abiotic Conditions: Non-living things needed to survive (sun, temperature, water, salt water, fresh water, heat, protection, etc.) • Behavior: When and how it reproduces, mating rituals, hibernation, defense mechanisms, interactions with others

  7. Symbiosis Definitions • How is a niche different from a habitat? VS

  8. Types of Relationships • Competition: When organisms attempt to use an ecological resource at the same time in the same place.

  9. What is the competitive exclusion principle? • NO TWO SPECIES CAN HAVE THE SAME NICHE AT THE SAME TIME

  10. Types of Relationships • Predation: When one organism captures and eats another organism.

  11. Symbiosis Definitions • SYMBIOSIS is the interaction between 2 different organisms living together • HOST- usually the LARGER of the 2 organisms • SYMBIONT- usually the SMALLER member

  12. Mutualism • Is a relationship where both species benefit • For example, the the bee feeding on the nectar helps to pollinate other flowers

  13. Commensalism • Is a relationship between the host and symbiont, where the symbiont benefits and the host is neither helped nor harmed. • The symbiont benefits by receiving transportation, housing, and/or nutrition. • For example, barnacles receive transportation from the host whale. The host whale is neither helped nor harmed by the barnacles.

  14. Parasitism • Is a relationship where the Symbiont lives in/on the Host • The Symbiont (or Parasite) BENEFITS • The Host is HARMED • For example, the tick in the picture above is a parasite. It benefits by extracting blood from its human host. The human is harmed because

  15. Symbiosis in nature • Write the partner, what happens in the relationship, and then identify the relationship as • Parasitism, • Mutualism, or • Commensalism

  16. Rhinoceros and the… Oxpecker Oxpeckers eat ticks on the rhinoceros’s back. This is an example of: MUTUALISM

  17. Maribou stork and the… bee Stork cuts up dead animals that it eats with its beak. Bees lay eggs on the carcasses that provide food for the eggs. This is an example of: COMMENSALISM

  18. GAZELLE AND THE… OSTRICH Feed next to each other and warn each other when predators come. This is an example of: MUTUALISM

  19. BISON AND THE… COWBIRD Cowbird follows the bison and eats the insects in the grass. This is an example of: COMMENSALISM

  20. Deer and the… Tick Live on deer and suck their blood. This is an example of: PARASITISM

  21. Black sea bass and the… Wrasse fish Wrasse fish eats parasites on black sea bass. This is an example of: MUTUALISM

  22. Shark and the… remora Attaches to shark and eats scraps from the shark’s meal. This is an example of: COMMENSALISM

  23. SPRUCE TREE AND THE… MISTLETOE Mistletoe grows on spruce trees and uses its water and nutrients. This is an example of: PARASITISM

  24. YUCCA MOTH AND THE… YUCCA Yucca moth pollinates yucca plant and lays its eggs on the flower. This is an example of: MUTUALISM

  25. WARBLER AND THE… CUCKOO The cuckoo lays its egg in the Warbler’s nest and forces warblers to raise chick This is an example of: PARASITISM

  26. Honey BADGER AND THE… HONEYGUIDE BIRD . Bird shows badger where beehive is; badger breaks open hive and both eat honey This is an example of: MUTUALISM

  27. Clownfish and the…. Sea anenome Clownfish feeds on animals which could harm the sea anemone, and the sea anemone gets nutrients from clown fish waste. This is an example of: MUTUALISM

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