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CIS 429—Chapter 7

CIS 429—Chapter 7. Storing Organizational Information—Databases. Storing Organizational Information. Information is everywhere in an organization Information is stored in databases Database – maintains information about various types of objects (inventory) events (transactions)

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CIS 429—Chapter 7

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  1. CIS 429—Chapter 7 Storing Organizational Information—Databases

  2. Storing Organizational Information • Information is everywhere in an organization • Information is stored in databases • Database – maintains information about various types of • objects (inventory) • events (transactions) • people (employees) • places (warehouses)

  3. Relational Database Fundamentals • Database • ___________ information • Database models • Hierarchical • Rigid tree-like model • Used in early DB management systems • Network • Lattice structure • Child records can have many parent records • ____________ • Uses logically related two-dimensional tables

  4. Relational Database Fundamentals (2) • Entities, Entity Classes, and Attributes • Entity • person, place, thing, transaction, event • Entity class • a ________, a collection of similar entities • Attributes • fields or columns in a table, characteristics of entities • Keys and Relationships • Primary key • A field or group of fields that uniquely identify an entity • _________ key • A primary key of one table that is a field of another table

  5. Relational Database Advantages • Increased Flexibility • Physical view • Physical storage of information on a device • _________ view • How users logically access the information • Different users have different logical view to meet their needs • Increased Scalability and Performance • Scalability • How well a system can adapt to __________________ • Performance • How quickly a system performs a process or transaction

  6. Relational Database Advantages (2) • Reduced Information Redundancy • Redundancy • __________ duplication of information • Increased Information Integrity (Quality) • Information integrity • Measure of the quality of information • Integrity constraints • _________ to ensure the quality of information • Relational integrity constraints ensure basic and fundamental quality • Business-critical integrity constraints enforce business rules • Increased Information Security (passwords, etc.)

  7. Database Management Systems • A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to interact w/ a DB. • A DBMS has several components • Data ____________ Component • Creates and maintains the data dictionary and DB structure • Data dictionary stores definitions of information types • Data Manipulation Component • Allows users to do ________ • Create, read, update, and delete information • A view allows users to see the contents of a DB • Report generators are used to define reports from the DB • QBE (________ by example) tools define answers to questions • SQL (structured query language) is a language to query the DB

  8. Database Management Systems (2) • A DBMS has several components (continued) • Application Generation Component • Contains tools for creating easy-to-use applications, such as SCM or CRM • Data Administration Components • Contains tools for managing the overall database environment • Backup, recovery, _________, and performance

  9. Integrating Information among Multiple Databases An integration allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other A __________integration takes new information and sends it to all downstream systems and processes A backward integration takes processed information and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes

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