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ILO-OSH 2001 and National OSH-MS profiles

ILO-OSH 2001 and National OSH-MS profiles. Pavan Baichoo InFocus Programme on safety and health at work and the environment (SafeWork). Introduction . The development of management systems for OSH Why OSH-MS? ILO-OSH 2001 in detail Profiles of a few national systems OSH-MS implementation.

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ILO-OSH 2001 and National OSH-MS profiles

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  1. ILO-OSH 2001 and National OSH-MS profiles Pavan Baichoo InFocus Programme on safety and health at work and the environment (SafeWork)

  2. Introduction • The development of management systems for OSH • Why OSH-MS? • ILO-OSH 2001 in detail • Profiles of a few national systems • OSH-MS implementation Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  3. The development of OSH-MS • Liberalisation of trade and economies • Increase in occ. acc.& diseases • Traditional command-control mechanisms inadequate • « Systems » approach pioneered by Edward Demings • Development of standards by ISO Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  4. Why OSH-MS? • Systematic way to manage OSH activities in the organisation • OSH as integral part of the organisation’s value system • Reduction of hazards and risks, accidents, diseases • Low absenteeism, high productivity, job satisfaction Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  5. ILO response • ILO-OSH 2001 • Unique model • Compatible with other OSH-MS • Action on 2 levels: • National level • Organisation level Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  6. National OSH-MS Framework • Formulation of a national policy on OSH-MS • Development of national guidelines (based on ILO-OSH 2001) • Formulation of tailored guidelines, reflecting the specific conditions and needs of organisations Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  7. Elements of the national framework Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  8. OSH-MS in the organisation • Main elements • Policy • Organising • Planning and implementation • Evaluation • Action for improvement Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  9. ILO-OSH 2001 - Policy • Basis of the OSH-MS • Sets direction for the organization to follow • Contains elements of: • OSH policy • Worker participation Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  10. ILO-OSH 2001 - Policy • OSH Policy • Foundation from which all management system components originate and are developed • Short, easily understood, known by all • Expression of the organization’s commitment to OSH • Reflects integration of OSH values into all strands of the organization’s fabric Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  11. ILO-OSH 2001 - Policy • Worker participation • Along with management commitment and leadership, it is the most important component of OSH arrangements • Active involvement in emergency preparedness, task analysis, safety assessments, SOPS and work instructions, training progs., evaluations and audits Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  12. ILO-OSH 2001 - Organising • Makes sure structure is in place • Establishes the building blocks • Allocation of responsibilities/accountability • Contains elements of: • Responsibility and accountability • Competence and training • OSH documentation • Communication Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  13. ILO-OSH 2001 - Organising • Responsibility and accountability • Addresses manner in which roles and accountability structures of OSH-MS involved personnel and employees are defined • High degree of resp. results in employees knowing who is doing what and that there are OSH concerns, these will get done in a timely manner Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  14. ILO-OSH 2001 - Organising • Competence and training • All employees should possess the necessary skills and knowledge to work safely • Management and workers should demonstrate competence to safely conduct or supervise • Should be appropriate to the organisation’s OSH hazards/risks Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  15. ILO-OSH 2001 - Organising • OSH documentation • Essential for those companies seeking registration/certification • Key indicator of conformance • Tailored to size/need of the organisation (SMEs) Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  16. ILO-OSH 2001 - Organising • Communication • A defining component of an OSH-MS • Means whereby information is transmitted throughout the organisation • Ensures that those with OSH responsibilities have the structures to recieve and transmit information Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  17. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Show the current status of the organization • Baseline for OSH policy implementation • Contains elements of: • Initial review • System planning, development & implementation • OSH objectives • Hazard prevention Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  18. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Initial review • Necessary before a robust OSH-MS can be formed and implemented • Identifies OSH hazards and risks • Audit with a difference as it is more thorough as eye is always geared to implementation • More attention placed on organisational culture Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  19. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • System planning, dev. & implementation • Addresses initial OSH-MS development and ongoing revision/modification of the system • Nucleus of OSH-MS as it addresses overall planning, dev. & impl. of ILO-OSH 2001 • Performance based nature of ILO-OSH 2001 implies a number of structures • crucial, if not well done, problems in impl. Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  20. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • OSH objectives • Follows naturally from OSH policy • Represents beginning of progressional realm of OSH policy to operational realm expressed in system desing/structure and measurement • Should be measurable and appropriate to the size and nature of the organisation • Should refelect the organisation’s values Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  21. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Prevention and control measures • Management of change • Emergency prevention, preparedness and response • Procurement • Contracting Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  22. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Prevention and control measures • Proactive measures for controlling hazards/risks • Hierarchy of controls (eliminate, substitute, minimise through eng., minimise through admin., PPE) • According to national laws and regulations • Training an essential component as workforce needs to understand hazards/risks Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  23. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Management of change • Addresses OSH concerns when there is installation of new processes or operations (internal changes) or changes in law or regulations (external changes) • Organisation should assess here how changes in work processes or law can affect work safety and health Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  24. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Emergency prevention, preparedness and response • Manner in which the organisation responds to OSH emergencies and accidents • Actions initiated and conducted immediately when events occur • Fire safety, disaster/incident management, evacuation/contingency plans, training, back- to-work systems, communication etc. Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  25. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Procurement • Knowledge of items entering the facility • MSDS for identifying hazardous substances • Identification of substitute materials through review Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  26. ILO-OSH 2001 – Planning/Imp • Hazard prevention (5 sub-elements) • Contracting • Contractor selection and on-site work practices covered • Ensure contractor work is performed safely by informing them of hazards/risks • Stopping their work if unsafe • Potential contract termination due to unsafe work Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  27. ILO-OSH 2001 - Evaluation • Shows how the OSH-MS is functioning (measures performance) • Identifies weaknesses • Contains elements of: • Performance monitoring & measurement • Investigation • Audit • Management review Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  28. ILO-OSH 2001 - Evaluation • Performance monitoring & measurement • Addresses the manner in which OSH performance is measured • Iterative process that evolves as the overall OSH-MS matures • Part of OSH-MS performance meas. sub- system that starts with OSH policy, then incorporates objectives, and is followed up with audit & management review Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  29. ILO-OSH 2001 - Evaluation • Investigation • Purpose to determine the root-causes • See at what points the OSH-MS failed • Provides: narrative description, employee/equipment/task characteristics, time factors, Preventive measures, injury characteristics, training issues, warnings, root causes (both proximal physical and systemic cause(s)) Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  30. ILO-OSH 2001 - Evaluation • Audit • Part of the OSH-MS performance measurement sub-system • Addresses the manner in which OSH performance can be determined • Should be undertaken for all elements periodically • Either internal or third-party Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  31. ILO-OSH 2001 - Evaluation • Management review • Should assess the overall OSH-MS • Agregate lessons learned • Improve performance • Modify system in response • Through this activity that the OSH-MS, the org., and environment external to the org. are linked – necessary for successful OSH-MS as it provides the feedback Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  32. ILO-OSH 2001 – Action/Impr. • Implements corrective actions identified in Evaluation stage • Continual improvement in OSH performance • Contains elements of: • Preventive and corrective action • Continual improvement Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  33. ILO-OSH 2001 – Action/Impr. • Preventive and corrective action • Actions taken in response to, or in anticipation of, system breakdowns or high hazard/risk events • Key concept is that actions should be taken as anticipatory as possible (i.e. in advance) • Suggested goal is to reach a pt. where workforce take P & C actions when confronted with a situation Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  34. ILO-OSH 2001 – Action/Impr. • Continual improvement • Provides guidance on how OSH performance can be provided on an on-going basis • Measurable improvement is only attainable if measurable OSH objectives are chosen • May mean reduction in injury rates or meeting objectives • Requires that the org. collects suitable performance data. Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  35. Profiles of national systems • Asia • Voluntary OSH-MS with certification support: Australia, New Zealand, China Thailand • Mandatory OSH-MS with regulatory and third party certification: Singapore, Indonesia • Promotion of OSH-MS: Japan, Korea • Enabling steps: India, Malaysia Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  36. Profiles of national systems • Singapore • Factories Act 1994 • Mandatory external audits • 14 mandatory elements in org. OSH-MS • Govt responsible for mandatory safety audits, formulation of criteria for approval and accred. of 3rd party auditing companies and providing further guidance for implementation (COP’s usually) Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  37. Profiles of national systems • Australia/New Zealand • National OSH-imp. Framework • States produced state guidelines on OSH-MS • JAS-ANZ for organisations to certify • Accreditation controlled by state governments • Joint national standard AS/NZS 4801 Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  38. Profiles of national systems • Japan • National guidelines promotion • Voluntary certification by organisations – provided by JISHA • India • Enabling steps toward improved OSH management • Private certification – no Govt. involvement Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  39. Profiles of national systems • Norway • Internal control (self-regulation regime) • Mandatory under Norwegian law • 7 elements in OSH-MS • Led to change in way of inspection • Inspect smooth functioning of system as compared to detailed traditional inspection • Incentives/penalty driven Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  40. Profiles of national systems • Poland • National standard developed by Government and standard body, recently amended in line with ILO-OSH 2001 • Training provided by CIOP • Certification by govt. accredited institution (CIOP) • Incentives to certified organisations Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  41. OSH-MS Implementation • Taking an idea, plan or policy to fruition. 6 steps can be identified: • Initiation: initial assumptions and goal setting • Estimation: organisational dynamics • Selection: choosing an approach • Implementation: taking action • Evaluation: measuring effectiveness • Correction: continual improvement or termination Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  42. OSH-MS Implementation • Initiation • First actions or issues to be considered • Why the effort is being done • Value gained and anticipated outcomes • Consideration of alternative approaches Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  43. OSH-MS Implementation • Estimation – Organisational dynamics • Resources, both human and financial • Organisational buy-in (selling the plan to upper management) • Costs • Organised labour perspective and involvement • Support • Integration Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  44. OSH-MS Implementation • Selection • Approach to be taken • Market demands • Integration • Augmenting the selected approach • How organisational dynamics will affect implementation • The desire for « certification » Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  45. OSH-MS Implementation • Implementation • Confirm organisational support & resources • Implementation action plan • Support team • Information management • Well defined goals and milestones • Clear lines of communication • Updates between team members • Maintaining support and focus • Overcoming breakdowns and resignation • Timeline – notion of implementation cycles Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  46. OSH-MS Implementation Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  47. OSH-MS Implementation • Evaluation • Same as management review in ILO-OSH 2001 • Overall assessment of OSH-MS effectiveness • Evaluation criteria – 2 types: • Outputs: for what has been implemented • Outcome: results generated from outputs (eg. Accident and injury rates) Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  48. OSH-MS Implementation • Correction • Step addresses correction, modification, evolution and possibly termination • Continuous improvement Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  49. Where to get more information • SafeWork Website (www.ilo.org/safework) • SafeWork secretariat (safework@ilo.org) Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

  50. Thank you Pavan Baichoo, SafeWork, ILO Geneva

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