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Chapter 23 Section 1 Review Page 580. 1. Explain how most water vapor enters the air. When water molecules absorb heat energy they move so rapidly they escape the liquid and enter the air as water vapor. Water Vapor satellite image.
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1. Explain how most water vapor enters the air. • When water molecules absorb heat energy they move so rapidly they escape the liquid and enter the air as water vapor.
2. Identify the principal source from which most water vapor enters the atmosphere. • The oceans near the equator
3. Identify the process by which ice changes directly into a gas. • Sublimation (have you ever seen dry ice?)
4. Define humidity. • Humidity is water vapor in the atmosphere.
5. Compare relative humidity with absolute humidity. • Absolute humidity is the mass of water per unit volume of air and represents a measure of the actual amount of water in the air (squeeze a wet sponge). • Relative humidity is the ratio of water vapor in the air compared to how much it could hold at a given temperature (how full is the sponge?).
6. Describe what happens when the temperature of air decreases to the dew point or below the dew point. • When temperature decreases the rate of condensation increases, and the rate of evaporation decreases. At the dew point the rate of condensation and evaporation are equal. Below the dew point, condensation occurs and visible water droplets form on surfaces.
7. Identify four instruments that are used to measure relative humidity. • Dew cells • Psychrometer • Hair hygrometers • Polymer films
8. Explain what would happen to a sample of air whose relative humidity is 100% if the temperature decreased. • The rate of condensation would increase and dew or frost would form.
9. Which region of Earth would you expect to have a higher absolute humidity: the equatorial region or the polar regions. • Because it is warmer at the equator and warmer air can hold more water vapor, the absolute humidity would be higher at the equatorial region.
10. Use the following terms to create a concept map. Humidity, water vapor, dew point, absolute humidity, dew cell, psychrometer, hygrometer, evaporation, condensation, and relative humidity.