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S ocial R eturn O n I nvestment Michael Weatherhead nef consulting (the new economics foundation) michael.weatherhead@nef-consulting.co.uk. The Session. In a nutshell… Why is it needed? The problems Where did it come from? How do you do it? Who does it work for?.
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Social Return On Investment Michael Weatherhead nefconsulting (the new economics foundation) michael.weatherhead@nef-consulting.co.uk
The Session • In a nutshell… • Why is it needed? The problems • Where did it come from? • How do you do it? • Who does it work for? new economics into action
In a nutshell… • Based on traditional cost-benefit analysis • Uses principle of social auditing • Captures social value by translating social outcomes in financial values new economics into action
…still in a nutshell… • SROI Ratio =[value of benefits][value of investments] E.g. ratio of 3:1 = for every £1 invested in organisation, £3 of social value generated • ‘Social’ includes environmental and economic = triple bottom line new economics into action
Problem 1 new economics into action
Problem 2 We measure what we can count (often the financial) What gets measured is what gets valued What matters most – social and environmental well-being – gets left out We allocate resources to those things we value new economics into action
Problem 3 new economics into action
How does it help? • Framework for measuring what matters • Triple bottom line • Giving voice to those normally excluded from decision-making • Basis for debating the allocation of (scarce) resources to maximise social, environmental and economic outcomes • Organisations • Society new economics into action
Early 2000s: new economics foundation History Mid 1990s: REDF & Jed Emerson Mainstreaming: nef consulting & others new economics into action
How do you do it? new economics into action
Boundaries & Stakeholders • Materiality check • either most affected • or • whose influence can most directly affect the outcome new economics into action
Impact Map Inputs Activities Outputs Outcomes new economics into action
Impact Map: example new economics into action
How do you do it? new economics into action
Indicators • Away of knowing the outcomes have occurred new economics into action
Monetisation • For some outcomes, financial values are already available and monetisation can be a simple step new economics into action
Monetisation cont’d • Where no direct financial value is available, we use financial proxies • Definition: A proxy is a value that is deemed close to the desired indicator, for which exact data is unavailable new economics into action
How do you do it? new economics into action
Impact • Deadweight • Attribution • Displacement – Are the benefits net benefits, or are they being displaced from elsewhere? • Negative Outcomes – Is it possible that an intervention is having negative unintended consequences? Impact = Outcomes – (DW + A + D + NO) new economics into action
Deadweight • Deadweight – What change would have happened anyway, in the absence of your intervention? neweconomics into action
Attribution • Attribution – How much credit can your organisation take for the outcomes? new economics into action
Future Projections • Benefit period – the length of time over which outcomes are expected to endure • e.g. reduced reoffending will endure for ex-offenders even after they finish a training programme • Drop-off – the rate at which benefits decrease over time • e.g. it is likely that some of the ex-offenders will re-offend new economics into action
Inputs • Types • Financial – e.g. grants, sales income • Physical resources – e.g. buildings, equipment • Volunteers • Gifts in kind • If just looking at one project within organisation, need to work out its ‘share’ of inputs new economics into action
Sensitivity Analysis • Sensitivity analysis – tests how the SROI ratio changes when key assumptions are altered (e.g. the value of proxies) new economics into action
How do you do it? new economics into action
Report & Embed • How would you use SROI for your organisation/in your work? • Make the case • Prove and Improve – learning tool new economics into action
Types of SROI Evaluative SROI – based on actual outcomes data to assess the value that has been createdBest:When something is already up and running Forecasted SROI – based on projections of what is expected to take place if the objectives of the project/organisation are metBest: When something is in the planning stages new economics into action
Who does it work for? • Third sector • to understand the value they are creating, communicate with funders and stakeholders, and improve. new economics into action
Who does it work for? • Public sector • to maximise public benefit when allocating resources. new economics into action
Who does it work for? • Private sector • to consider more fully (beyond the financial) how business activities are creating value (or not). new economics into action