Water Services National Training Group and National Federation of Group Water Schemes

1. Water Services National Training Group and National Federation of Group Water Schemes 7th Annual Rural Water Services Conference 18th September 2008

2. Treated WaterDemand Management, Leakage Control & ConservationJoe GallagherN.F.G.W.S

3. Introduction • The Need for Water Demand Management? • Implications of high Unaccounted for Water (UFW) • Reducing UFW on Group Water Schemes • New Training Course Reducing daily water demand on Group Water Schemes

4. Why is there a need for Leakage Control on Group Water Schemes?Example of DBO Schemes in Year 2 of O&M Contract

5. Reasons Schemes exceed design demand • Deficient distribution networks • Major leaks • Lack of PRVs • Lack of Metering • Bulk Meters • Universal Meters • Charging policies • Over reliance on flat rate charging • Resistance to realistic usage charge • Unknown Sources of Demand

6. Leakage in Distribution Mains Vs Consumer Side • Leakage across 6 GWS in Co. Mayo Slide Sourced from Ryan Hanley Consulting Engineers

7. What are the Implications of UFW? • Cost • Capacity of treatment plant • Sustainability of source • Quality • Supply & pressure

8. Galway GWS (90 Houses)

9. Burst in Distribution Pipe Network • At a pressure of 30m(3 bar) the following losses will occur: Slide Sourced from WSNTG Leakage Control in Rural Supply Networks

10. Extent of Water Loss From Leaks/Bursts • At a pressure of 30m(3 bar) the following losses will occur: Slide Sourced from WSNTG Leakage Control in Rural Supply Networks

11. The Cost of Water A 450m3 reservoir @ €1.20/l would store water worth €540,000 Typical Litre of bottled water €1.20 What is this load worth?

12. Cost Implication for Scheme Members Figures from a GWS: • GWS charge is 80 cent/m3 • (€3.60 per 1,000 gallons)

13. Capacity of Treatment Plant • Ability of Treatment Facility to cope • Design Demand • GWS with high UFW reach their Design Demand much more quickly • Plant failure, water outages and/or failures in water quality

14. Sustaining the Source • Excessive abstraction • This will impact on surface and groundwater supplies and may result in: • Slower recharge of the source • Poor quality raw water being drawn into the treatment plant • Increased costs for monitoring and treatment

15. Sustaining the Source

16. Supply & pressure • Potential difficulty in admitting new members • A scheme with 50% UFW has the capacity to increase its domestic membership by a third when UFW is reduced to 25%! • Members situated on the network beyond a leak in the system may be affected by poor pressure and breaks in supply

17. Calculating Legitimate Demand • Average daily usage figures from the National Water Study: • Schemes need to estimate the numbers served on the scheme in relation to: • Human population • Dairy Cows • Drystock • Others (e.g. Sheep/Calves/Poultry/Mushroom)

18. Setting Targets • 25% UFW is considered acceptable, but is it enough? • Kilmaley Inagh GWS – 1900 Houses with < 10% UFW: • Installing /Monitoring district & consumer meters • Isolating the network into District Metering Areas (DMAs) • Repairing leaks and replacing critical mains • Monitoring the distribution network on a consistent basis • Implementing realistic pricing policies, based on usage

19. Setting Targets Erne Valley GWS - > 1,100 Houses (2007 Figures) • Original Usage 5,700 m3/day • Target 3,000 m3/day • 2007 usage 3,300 m3/day • 2008 usage 2,900 m3/day • UFW (REDUCTION) 2,800 m3/day • 49% Reduction • Saving to Scheme > €250,000 aprox. p.a.

20. Reducing UFW in Distribution Network • Reduce Distribution Network to < 25% UFW 4” Pipe 3” Pipe 2” Pipe Service Pipe District Meter M Consumer Meter Box

21. Reducing UFW in Distribution Network • Reduce Distribution Network to < 25% UFW • Typical District Metered Area 4” Pipe 3” Pipe 2” Pipe Service Pipe District Meter SV M SV Consumer Meter Box

22. Reducing UFW in Distribution Network • Reduce Distribution Network to < 25% UFW • Typical District Metered Area • Possible solutions identified • Consult with GWS Engineer Leaks Critical Mains Rehab District Meter SV PRV M SV Pressure Reduction Valve Reducing Pressure from 70m to 40m should reduce leakage by 55% Consumer Meter Box

23. GWS with 90 Houses • What Caused this Fluctuation in Measured Daily Usage on this GWS?

24. GWS with 90 Houses Meters Installed

25. GWS with 90 Houses Meters Installed Bills Issued

26. This Part - Private Mayo GWS successfully reduced its UFW through: Active Leakage Control Critical Mains Replacement Pressure Reduction Demand Management Mayo GWS (150 Houses)

27. The results can be seen in the table below: Mayo GWS (150 Houses)

28. Reducing daily water demand on Group Water Schemes • Requirement for training in Water Demand Management • Developed by the NFGWS as an introductory course to be delivered to the GWS sector in advance of the more detailed WSNTG course: “Leakage Control in Rural Supply Networks”

29. Course objective • To provide a practical framework for schemes dealing with high levels of water wastage, in particular unaccounted for water (UFW) and • To assist those schemes wishing to maintain and improve their current low levels of water wastage and UFW.

30. Course Format • Four Modules • Module 1: What is UFW? • Module 2: What are the implications of UFW? • Module 3: How can UFW be quantified? • Module 4: How can UFW be reduced?

31. Conclusion • High UFW will have cost, capacity and supply implications for GWS and the individual member • High UFW may affect the sustainability of the source and also the quality of water supplied • UFW must be reduced • This Course is design to do exactly that • Delivered in your locality • < 3 Hours to complete • At €75 per head it’s a steal!!

32. Contact Details Joe Gallagher & Barry Deane Training Co-ordinators N.F.G.W.S. 12 Henry Street Tullamore Co. Offaly Tel / Fax: 057 9328068

33. Water Services National Training Group and National Federation of Group Water Schemes 7th Annual Rural Water Services Conference 18th September 2008