Future Task for Emergency-relief Activities by Disaster-type:

1. 2012 Asia NGOs International Development Conference Future Task for Emergency-relief Activities by Disaster-type: The Case of Bombardment of Yon- Pyoung Island of 2010 in Korea Young Jin Park (Korea Disaster Relief Association)

2. Yon-Pyoung Island at a Glance • Area : 7.29㎢ • No. of Households: 1,071 (farming38, fishery 557, others476) • Population: 1,902 (male1,114, female788) • Schools: 3 (primary school students81, junior highschool 27,& senior highschool 22)

3. Summary of bombardment • There were two bombardments onto Yon- Pyoung island in Nov. 23, 2010 (around 14:30 local time) by the north. • The two bombardments destroyed buildings and houses in the central area of the island where 820 households were located. • Number of casualties: - 2 soldiers and 2 civilians dead, - 16 soldiers and 44 civilians injured • Damage: 12 houses collapsed, 25 burnt out, and 19 destroyed • 421out of total of 924buildings in the island damaged

4. Immediate Actions Taken • Evacuation - emergency evacuation done by 17:55 • Fire extinguishmentassisted by civil servants and volunteers • Relief activities - 18:17: Blankets and food supplied by the marine corps - 19:44: 2,000 emergency relief kits provided - 20:00 : 200‘back to home’ kits provided <Temporary shelter at Yon- Pyoung Island>

5. Immediate Actions Taken (continued) • Displacement and relief activities - 22:59: 130villagers displacedto a spa building(“JimJil-Bang” In Korean) in Inchon, - many evacuated from the island and stayed at such as hotels, second homes and relatives (Nov. 23 ~ Dec.19) - water and daily necessity supplied to the people at the spa - laundry trucks were dispatched to deliver laundry service

6. Immediate Actions Taken (continued) • Temporary houses were assembled and provided to the island residents - Dispatched 22 engineers to assemble the house on Nov.25. (2 days after the incident) • Moving to vacant houses from the shelter - 860 people moved to a vacant apartments complex and lived there temporarily (Dec.19 2010~ Feb.18 2011) <at vacant apartment in Kimpo city> <assembled temporary houses>

7. Return and restoration • Return to island on Feb.18, 2011 • Living at 39 temporary houses • On Nov. 2011, moved to new houses <Temporary houses> <New houses>

8. Fundraising • Private sector fundraising - CCK raised 4,140,000,000KRW - KDRA raised3,648,000,000KRW - Red Cross raised857,000,000KRW • Preparatory meetings prior to the allocation of funds • At the allocation board meeting, method and time of the allocation were decided • Sharing information on the allocation helped in reducing the chance of omitting and overlapping in support. <KDRA Relief Kit>

9. < Details of allocation by organization>

10. Volunteers and Children Schooling • Reasonsfor lack(failure) of volunteerism: • Disadvantage in volunteer access (Island)  cost in transport • Risk of additional shelling  The authority did not allowed volunteers to access. • Necessity of reconstruction promptness • Increased total cost for the reconstruction. • Children Schooling: • During reconstruction period, children were separated from their parents for their schooling • 140 students (12 kindergarten, primary school 83, junior high school 26, senior high school 19) were sent to the nearest schools based on their temporary residences. • However, they suffered from the difficulty in adapting to new schooling milieu . 2) Learning English program as an extracurricular work with accommodation was provided in December at the Inchon English Village. 3) After the restoration of schools in Yon-Pyoung Island, normal schooling re-started from March 2011. <The mayor of Incheon City consoles refugee children>

11. Medical examination and PTSD • People exposed to high level of stress • Test result of PTSD in Yon-Pyoung residents

12. Medical examination and PTSD (Continued) <Primary disease statistics> <High level stress of PTSD >

13. Medical examination and PTSD (Continued) • The female proportion of high-level PTSD is about 2 times bigger than that of male. • Many women showed excessive burden (stress) in taking care of their family members due to long period of living in Inchon. • Especially concerning about children • Also, many expressed ‘instability’ due to frequent evacuation. • During the disaster period, the status of women in the family has been lowered as they lost their primary role in the family, i.e. managing household economies, cooking and taking care of children.  This observation verifies that women is likely more vulnerable to disaster from the gender perspective.

14. Findings • Overall, the authority as well as residents cold not successfully respond to the unexpected disaster due to the lack(absence) of experience of such. • The following four findings are learned as lessens: 1) While heavy rain was the cause for major traditional disaster, the disaster can be caused by new and unexpected reasons such as bombardment of Yon-Pyoung Island. And this requires development of new programs to cope with. 2) Need to prepare ‘adaptable schooling program’ in order to help children continue their education. 3) Need to prepare ‘refugee livelihood program’ by which addicted people could adapt themselves to the living outside of the island. 4) Need to prepare ‘psychological programs’ to reduce the stresses caused by disaster and living in different circumstances thereof.

15. Thank you for attention! 2012 Asia NGOs International Development Conference