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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry . The Chemical Equation: H-O-H + H-O-H --> O=O + H-H + H-H 2 molecules --> 1 molecule + 2 molecules note that atoms are conserved 2 atoms of oxygen are seen in the reactants and in the products 4 atoms of hydrogen are seen in the reactants and the products

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Stoichiometry

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  1. Stoichiometry • The Chemical Equation: • H-O-H + H-O-H --> O=O + H-H + H-H • 2 molecules --> 1 molecule + 2 molecules • note that atoms are conserved • 2 atoms of oxygen are seen in the reactants and in the products • 4 atoms of hydrogen are seen in the reactants and the products • MOLECULES ARE NOT CONSERVED

  2. Stoichiometry • H- O-H + H-O-H --> O=O + H-H + H-H • Now by multiplying the equation by 6.02 x 1023 we now have • 2 moles H-O-H --> 1 mole O=O + 2 moles of H-H • note that MOLES ARE NOT CONSERVED BUT ATOMS ARE STILL CONSERVED.

  3. Stoichiometry • H- O-H + H-O-H --> O=O + H-H + H-H • If atoms are conserved then mass is also conserved • 36 grams of water(2 moles) = 32 grams of oxygen(1 mole) + 4 grams of hydrogen(2 moles).

  4. Stoichiometry • 2 H-O-H --> O=O + 2 H-H • A balanced equation is necessary to enable us to preduct the quantities of reactants needed to produce required amounts of specified products • It is not practical to go into the lab to deduce formulas and an equation for every reaction

  5. Stoichiometry • Thus is it important to write correct formulas and balance equations correctly • The coefficients in a balance equation, therefore, stand for the relative number of moles of substances involved in the 2reaction.

  6. Stoichiometry • Using the reaction of oxygen with ethanol • C2H5OH + 3 O2 --> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O • Determine the following: • The mole relationships between • C2H5OH and O2, CO2 and H2 • O2 and CO2 and H2O • CO2 and H2O

  7. Stoichiometry • moles of CO2 if 1.5 moles of ethanol burns • grams of CO2 if 1.5 moles of ethanol burns • Grams of CO2 if 23 grams of ethanol burns\ • Liters of CO2 if 23 grams of ethanol burns • Using the reaction of oxygen with ethanol • C2H5OH + 3 O2 --> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O

  8. Stoichiometry • Now it is your turn, for the following reaction • 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO + 2 H2O • Determine the moles of NO produced when 1.5 moles of Ag react completely?

  9. Now it is your turn, for the following reaction • 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO + 2 H2O • Determine the moles of NO produced when 1.5 moles of Ag react completely? • 1.5 moles Ag x 1 mol NO/3 mol Ag = .5 mol NO

  10. Stoichiometry • 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO +2 H2O • How many grams of H2O are produced when 1.5 moles of Ag are reacted completely?

  11. 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO +2 H2O • How many grams of H2O are produced when 1.5 moles of Ag are reacted completely? • 1.5 mol Ag x 2 mol H2O/3 mol Ag = 1 mol H2O 1 mol H2O x 18 gr H2O / 1 mol H2O = 18 gr H2O

  12. Stoichiometry • 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO +2 H2O • How many grams of AgNO3 are produced when 183 grams of HNO3 are reacted completely?

  13. 3 Ag + 4 HNO33 AgNO3 + NO +2 H2O • How many grams of AgNO3 are produced when 183 grams of HNO3 are reacted completely? • 183 gr HNO3 x 1 mol HNO3/ 63 gr HNO3 = 3 mol • 3 mol HNO3 x 3 mol AgNO3/4 mol HNO3 = 2.25 mol AgNO3 • 2.25 mol AgNO3 x 170 gr AgNO3/ mol AgNO3 = 382.5 gr AgNO3

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