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This article explores the potential exposure of friendly forces to USAF herbicide contamination during the Vietnam War. It discusses the involvement of various veterans' associations, the suspect contaminants (orange herbicide, white herbicide, blue herbicide, and others), and reviews of the problem by the Center for Disease Control and the Air Force Health Study. It also touches on compensation for veterans and studies conducted by the Mailman School of Public Health. The article discusses measures taken to protect the Ranch Hand veterans, such as fighter escorts and forward air controllers, as well as the use of "free fire" zones to keep targets free of friendly forces. It highlights the effectiveness of MACV Directive 525-1, an elaborate coordination system.
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WERE FRIENDLY FORCES DIRECTLY EXPOSED TO USAF HERBICIDE CONTAMINATION IN VIETNAM?Paul F. Cecil, Sr., Ph.D.The RANCH HAND Vietnam Association
Contemporary Exposure Documentation RANCH HAND Veterans Army Chemical Corps Veterans US and Allied Ground Forces Veterans
The Suspect ContaminantOrange HerbicideWhite HerbicideBlue HerbicideOthers
Reviewing the ProblemCenter for Disease Control Study (1988)Air Force Health Study (1978-2005)Veterans Administration CompensationMailman School of Public Health Study
Protecting RANCH HANDThe Early PhasesFighter Escorts & Forward Air ControllersInitial Rules of Engagement
Protecting RANCH HAND (Cont.)Aircrew Protective EquipmentChanging the Fighter Escort Role“Free Fire” Zones Are Mandatory
Keeping the Targets Free of Friendly ForcesDaily Air Activity Reports (DAARs)Casualties from “Friendly Fire”MACV Directive 525-1 - AnElaborate Coordination System that Worked