213.32 Week 3 Winter 2013

1. EM 213.32 Week 3 Winter 2013

2. Each case: What ethical systems used? by the protagonist by other actors Cases

3. Reading • Maxwell • “The Mission of Business” • In what way(s) does he respond to Friedman? • If so: • Are those responses convincing? • this article hasn’t been very influential • Would it be if it were widely known?

4. Identifying Ethical Systems

5. normative consequentialist egoism utilitarianism act-utilitarianism rule-utilitarianism non-consequentialist Kantian prima facie principles moral rights Identifying Ethical Systems should motives results

6. should results egoism utilitarianism act-utilitarianism rule-utilitarianism Identifying Ethical Systems best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb

7. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives Kantian prima facie principles moral rights Identifying Ethical Systems reason

8. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives reason principles rights Identifying Ethical Systems Egoism

9. Egoism • misplaced attacks • self-indulgence • hedonism • only pretending • reasonable attacks • not a moral theory • psychological egoism not observed • ignores “reality”

10. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives reason principles rights Identifying Ethical Systems Utilitarianism

11. Utilitarianism • in organizations • clear & “straightforward” process • “objective” criteria • results-oriented

12. Utilitarianism • criticisms • workable? • just? • relentless? • some acts just seem wrong

13. Utilitarianism • 2 streams • act utilitarianism • case-by-case • rule utilitarianism • rule-of-thumb “judge codes, not actions”

14. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives reason principles rights Identifying Ethical Systems Kant

15. Kant • reason • circumstances • must be ignored • intentions • only duty • universal application • test

16. Kant • “a categorical imperative” • “means not ends”

17. Kant • in organizations • firm rules • focus on • individual • motivation

18. Kant • criticisms • why • only duty acceptable? • no exceptions? • what does “means not ends” mean?

19. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives reason principles rights Identifying Ethical Systems prima facie principles

20. Prima Facie Principles • 10 commandments • love God; love others • Golden Rule

21. Prima Facie Principles • “everyone agrees on some basic rules” • in hierarchy

22. Prima Facie Principles • Ross • 7 duties • fidelity • reparation • gratitude • justice • beneficence • self-improvement • non-injury

23. Prima Facie Principles • criticisms • universal? • what happens if someone disagrees? • conflicting

24. should results best for me best for everyone case-by-case rule-of-thumb motives reason principles rights Identifying Ethical Systems moral rights

25. Moral Rights • The Declaration of the Rights of Man • Universal Declaration of Human Rights • http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml

26. Moral Rights • understanding • duties & rights • positive rights & negative rights

27. Moral Rights • criticisms • what • is on the list? • who • draws up the list? • is eligible? • is responsible? • how much? • rights contests

28. Ford Pinto • Egoism • Act utilitarianism • Rule utilitarianism • Kant • principles • rights

29. Plasma International • Egoism • Act utilitarianism • Rule utilitarianism • Kant • principles • rights

30. What To Do? • every approach can be criticised • organizations • plural

31. Attempts at Synthesis • Shaw & Barry • Rachels • Desjardins

32. Shaw & Barry obligations ideals effects propose a process outline options for each understand obligations ideals effects weigh Attempts at Synthesis

33. Shaw & Berry  Ford Pinto

34. Shaw & Berry  Ford Pinto

35. Shaw & Berry  Plasma

36. Shaw & Berry  Plasma