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SPM 100 Clinical Skills Lab 4

Learn essential clinical skills for managing blunt and penetrating trauma, including C-spine immobilization, hemorrhage control, and splinting extremities. Understand common cervical injuries, spinal cord injuries, and types of fractures. Develop professional conduct and communication skills.

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SPM 100 Clinical Skills Lab 4

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  1. SPM 100 Clinical Skills Lab 4 C-Spine Immobilization, Hemorrhage Control and Simple Splinting Extremities Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRT

  2. Blunt Trauma Acceleration – Deceleration • MVC • Falls • Altercations

  3. Penetrating Trauma • GSW • Stabs

  4. Most Common Cervical Injuries • Adult: C5 – C6 • Child: C2 - C3

  5. Brain Injuries: • Direct Injuries: • MVC (Windshield) • Blunt Head Trauma (Stick, Bat) • Indirect Injuries: • Airway (Obstruction) • Decrease in perfusion (Hypotension)

  6. Spinal Cord Injuries • Paraplegia – paralysis of both legs • Quadriplegia – paralysis of both arms & legs • Hemiplegia – paralysis of arm and leg on the same side

  7. Spinal Cord Injury Statistics • 11,000 Americans suffer a traumatic spinal cord injury • 56% are between the ages of 16 and 30 (average age: 31) • 82% male and 18% female

  8. Common Causes of Spinal Cord Injuries • MVC – 42.9% (Most common) • Falls – 20.9% • Violence-related – 17.8% • Sports-related – 10.4% • Other – 7.9%

  9. Hemorrhage Control • Direct Pressure • Elevation • Pressure Point • Tourniquet (rarely used)

  10. Class of Hemorrhage

  11. Types of Splints • Rigid Board • Padded Board • Air-Inflated • Traction

  12. Assessment Post Splint Placement • Pain • Numbness or tingling in hand or foot • Fingers or toes are cool to touch, change in color • Loss of movement in fingers or toes

  13. Types of Fractures: • Closed fracture • Open Fracture • Comminuted Fracture • Avulsion Fracture • Greenstick Fracture • Torus Fracture

  14. Professional Conduct • Introduce yourself • Explain the procedure / examination to the patient • Ask the patient if they have any questions • Cover the patient with a sheet. Only expose area examining while performing a procedure/examination

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