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The Language Of Medicine 9 th edition Davi-Ellen Chabner

The Language Of Medicine 9 th edition Davi-Ellen Chabner. Chapter 22 Psychiatry. Chapter Goals. Differentiate among a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and other mental health specialists. Learn of tests used by clinical psychologists to evaluate a patient’s mental health and intelligence.

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The Language Of Medicine 9 th edition Davi-Ellen Chabner

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  1. The Language Of Medicine 9th edition Davi-Ellen Chabner

  2. Chapter 22Psychiatry

  3. Chapter Goals • Differentiate among a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and other mental health specialists. • Learn of tests used by clinical psychologists to evaluate a patient’s mental health and intelligence. • Define terms that describe major psychiatric disorders.

  4. Chapter Goals (cont’d) • Identify terms that describe psychiatric symptoms. • Compare different types of therapy for psychiatric disorders. • Learn the categories and names of common psychiatric drugs.

  5. Chapter Goals (cont’d) • Define combining forms, suffixes, prefixes, and abbreviations related to psychiatry. • Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records.

  6. Chapter 22Lesson 22.1

  7. Introduction • psychiatrist • psychologist • clinical psychologist Psychiatry is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness.

  8. Tools Used by Psychiatrists • psychotherapy • psychoanalysis • drug therapy

  9. Tools Used by Clinical Psychologists • psychotherapy • psychoanalysis • intelligence tests • mental processing tests • memory tests • personality tests

  10. amnesia anxiety apathy autistic thought compulsion conversion delusion dissociation dysphoria euphoria hallucination labile mania mutism obsession paranoia Psychiatric Clinical Symptoms Abnormalities in behavior evident to examining health professionals

  11. Psychiatric Disorders • Sigmund Freud and personality structure: • id • ego • superego • Defense mechanisms

  12. Psychiatric Disorders (cont’d) • anxiety disorders • delirium and dementia • dissociative disorders • eating disorders • mood disorders • personality disorders

  13. Anxiety Disorders • Phobic disorders: agoraphobia, acrophobia, claustrophobia, zoophobia • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): recurrent thoughts, repetitive acts, rituals • Post-traumatic stress disorder: fear, helplessness,insomnia,nightmares Characterized by unpleasant tension, distress, troubled feelings, and avoidance behavior

  14. Delirium and Dementia • Delirium: mental confusion, incoherent speech, sensory misperception, disorientation, memory impairment • Dementia: gradual loss of intellectual abilities involving impairment of judgment, memory, abstract thinking, and personality Disorders of abnormal cognition (thinking, perception, reasoning, judgment)

  15. Dissociative Disorders • Dissociative identity disorder: two personalities take over • Dissociative amnesia: memory loss of personal information • Dissociative fugue: sudden unexpected travel Chronic or sudden disturbances of memory, identity, consciousness, or perception of the environment not caused by brain damage or drugs.

  16. Eating Disorders • Anorexia nervosa: refusal to maintain body weight, conscious relentless attempt to diet, excessive overactivity and exercise • Bulimia: binge and purge eating using vomiting and misuse of laxatives or enemas

  17. Mood Disorders • Bipolar disorder: alternating manic and depressive episodes • Cyclothymic disorder: mild bipolar with at least 2 years of hypomania and numerous depressive episodes • Depressive disorder: major depression, severe dysphoria • Dysthymic disorder • Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) Prolonged emotion that dominates a person’s entire mental life

  18. Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic Paranoid Schizoid Personality Disorders Impaired ways of thinking and relating to and perceiving the environment and self, leading to conflict, distress, and inflexibility

  19. Chapter 22Lesson 22.2

  20. Pervasive Developmental Disorders • Autism • Asperger syndrome

  21. Psychiatric Disorders • Schizophrenia • Sexual and gender identity disorders • Somatoform disorders • Substance-related disorders

  22. Schizophrenia • Delusions • Hallucinations • Disorganized thinking • Flat affect • Social withdrawal • Catatonic and paranoid types Withdrawal from reality into a world of disorganized thinking and conflict

  23. Sexual masochism Sexual sadism Transvestic fetishism Voyeurism Exhibitionism Fetishism Pedophilia Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders A gender identity disorder is a strong and persistent cross-gender identification with the opposite sex (cross-dressing and cross-sex roles, fantasies of being the gender other than the person is).

  24. Somatoform Disorders • Conversion disorder: Repressed conflicts expressed as physical symptoms • Hypochondriasis: Preoccupation with bodily aches, pains, and discomforts in the absence of real illness Mental conflicts are expressed as physical symptoms

  25. Substance-Related Disorders • Psychological Dependence: Compulsion to take drug despite adverse consequences • Physical Dependence: Withdrawal when drug is abruptly discontinued • Tolerance: Declining effect of drug so dose must increase

  26. Substances Associated with Abuse • Alcohol • Amphetamines • Cannabis (marijuana) • Cocaine • Hallucinogens • Opioids • Sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics

  27. Chapter 22Lesson 22.3

  28. Therapeutic Terminology • Psychotherapy • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) • Drug therapy

  29. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) Family therapy Group therapy Hypnosis Insight-oriented psychotherapy Play therapy Psychoanalysis Sex therapy Supportive psychotherapy Psychotherapy

  30. Drug Therapies and Specific Drugs

  31. Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology COMBINING FORMS • anxi/o uneasy, anxious • auto self • hallucin/o hallucination • hypn/o sleep • iatr/o treatment • ment/o mind • neur/o nerve Combining Form Meaning

  32. Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology COMBINING FORMS • phil/o attraction to, love • phren/o mind • psych/o mind • schiz/o split • somat/o body Combining Form Meaning

  33. Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology SUFFIXES • -genic produced by • -leptic to seize hold of • -mania obsessive • -phobia fear • -phoria feeling • -thymia mind Suffix Meaning

  34. Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology PREFIXES • -a-, an- no, not • bi- two • cata- down • hypo- deficient, less than • para- abnormal Prefix Meaning

  35. QUICK QUIZ: • Fear of strangers is_______. • kleptomania • agoraphobia • xenophobia • pyromania

  36. QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) • Which of these health professionals has an MD? • psychologist • psychiatrist • clinical psychologist

  37. QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) • An uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly is __________. • delusion • compulsion • dissociation • amnesia

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