Author Name 2 , Author Name 5

1. This is a Study About Some Sort of Glioblastoma Treatments or Imaging of Brain Tumors Author Name2, Author Name5 1Dept. of Neurology, 2Dept. of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA PURPOSE To demonstrate the utility of whole brain graded functional diffusion maps (fDMs) as an biomarker for monitoring brain tumor growth and invasion INTRODUCTION RESULTS METHODS • In neoplasms, a decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC is believed to reflect an increase in tumor cellularity 1-6, and an increase in ADC is believed to reflect necrosis or decreases in cellularity as a result of successful cytotoxic treatment 2,7. • Functional diffusion maps (fDMs) were developed to exploit these principles on a voxel-wise basis and may be useful for predicting response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy 8-11. • Currently, traditional fDMs rely on a single threshold for classifying voxels as significantly increasing or decreasing. • We hypothesize that a graded fDM technique that stratifies voxels into varying degrees of change, applied to the whole brain may be useful for visualizing growing and invading tumor with high sensitivity and specificity. • In neoplasms, a decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC is believed to reflect an increase in tumor cellularity 1-6, and an increase in ADC is believed to reflect necrosis or decreases in cellularity as a result of successful cytotoxic treatment 2,7. • Functional diffusion maps (fDMs) were developed to exploit these principles on a voxel-wise basis and may be useful for predicting response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy 8-11. • Currently, traditional fDMs rely on a single threshold for classifying voxels as significantly increasing or decreasing. • We hypothesize that a graded fDM technique that stratifies voxels into varying degrees of change, applied to the whole brain may be useful for visualizing growing and invading tumor with high sensitivity and specificity. • In neoplasms, a decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC is believed to reflect an increase in tumor cellularity 1-6, and an increase in ADC is believed to reflect necrosis or decreases in cellularity as a result of successful cytotoxic treatment 2,7. • Functional diffusion maps (fDMs) were developed to exploit these principles on a voxel-wise basis and may be useful for predicting response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy 8-11. • Currently, traditional fDMs rely on a single threshold for classifying voxels as significantly increasing or decreasing. • We hypothesize that a graded fDM technique that stratifies voxels into varying degrees of change, applied to the whole brain may be useful for visualizing growing and invading tumor with high sensitivity and specificity. REFERENCES Acknowledgements: 1 Sugahara, JMRI, 1999; 2 Lyng, MRM, 2000; 3 Chenevert, JNCI, 2000; 4 Hayashida, AJNR, 2006; 5 Manenti, Radiol Med, 2008; 6 Gauvain, AJR, 2001; 7 Chenevert, Clin Cancer Res, 1997; 8 Moffat, Proc Nat Acad Sci, 2005; 9 Moffat, Neoplasia, 2006; 10 Hamstra, JCO, 2008; 11 Hamstra, Proc Nat Acad Sci, 2005. 12 Ellingson, JMRI, 2010. 13 Stupp, NEJM, 2005.