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Collaborators R. Norwood, J. Thomas, M. Eralp, S. Tay, G. Li , College of

Nanoengineered Organic Photonic Materials and Devices. N. Peyghambarian University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences. Collaborators R. Norwood, J. Thomas, M. Eralp, S. Tay, G. Li , College of Optical Sciences, S. Marder, Georgia Tech. M. Yamamoto, NDT Corp. Outline.

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Collaborators R. Norwood, J. Thomas, M. Eralp, S. Tay, G. Li , College of

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  1. Nanoengineered Organic Photonic Materials and Devices N. Peyghambarian University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences Collaborators R. Norwood, J. Thomas, M. Eralp, S. Tay, G. Li , College of Optical Sciences, S. Marder, Georgia Tech. M. Yamamoto, NDT Corp.

  2. Outline Advantages of Organics: Large size Several ft2, light weight, ease of processing, inexpensive • Organic Nanostructures and Functional Composites • Electronic Transport in Organics and Comparison with Inorganics like Semiconductors • An Example: Photorefractive Polymers, Multi-color Sensitive Polymers • Optimization of Performance by electron transfer

  3. Organic Nanostructures SemiconductorsOrganics Quantum dots Molecules or polymers PbS L R (nm)

  4. Organic Nanostructures Example: Thin layer of PS/PMMA film Courtesy: Nanosurf AG 7-DCST C60 PATPD MW=18,000 Number of units = 28

  5. - - Ai Energetical Aj Positional Organic Nanostructures SemiconductorsOrganics Band StructureHOMO and LUMO Band Transport Hopping Transport

  6. Assembling Organic Nanostructures into Functional Composites for Applications ApplicationAssemblyNanostructures OLEDs Thin layers of pure material evaporated or spin-coated PPV Alq3 Mixing of a structural polymer with a single functional component EO Polymer Modulators AJ309 Organic Photorefractives Mixing of several multifunctional components C60 PATPD 7-DCST

  7. Photorefractivity in Polymer Composites Convert an intensity distribution into a refractive index distribution • Sensitizer • Transport • Chromophore • Plasticizer

  8. Rewritable Holographic Recording and Display Object Beam SLM Observer or CCD Beam- Splitter Reference Beam PR Polymer Film Reading Beam Reading Holographic Recording

  9. Photorefractive Polymer Applications Updatable 3D Display

  10. Energetic and Electron Transport

  11. Photorefractive Polymers (Guest Host Composites) Electro-optic activity Photogeneration of carriers Plasticizer Transport Reducing Tg Polymer matrix Chromophore Sensitizer + Low-cost, ease of fabrication and control over properties - Bias Field

  12. PATPD DBDC 7-DCST Molecular Energetics Vacuum level (eV) PATPD/ECZ/7DCST/DBDC/C60 – 633 nm PATPD/ECZ/7DCST/TNFDM – 845 nm PATPD/ECZ/7DCST/DBM – 975 and 1550 nm 5.4 5.6 C60 5.9 6.2 TNFDM Transport matrix Plasticizer Chromophores Sensitizer

  13. Linear Absorption 2.0 775nm PR polymer sensitive for green to red PR polymer sensitive to IR 1.5 1.0 Optical Density 980nm 0.5 1550nm 0.0 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Wavelength(nm) PATPD:7-DCST:APDC:ECZ:DBM / 49:25:25:10:1 PATPD:7-DCST:ECZ:C60 (54.5:25:20:0.5 wt.%)

  14. Grating Writing and Reading Typical values: • l = 633 nm • d = 20 mm • ~ 3 mm Q= 2.3 Thick-grating:

  15. 1.0 jt163 jt223 0.8 0.6 0.4 Int. Diffraction Efficiency 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 Voltage (kV) Performance of PR Polymers Diffraction efficiency Response time M. Eralp, et al, Opt. Lett, Accepted

  16. Two Beam Coupling Gain PATPD:DBDC:ECZ:C60 (49.5:30:20:0.5 wt.%)

  17. Optimization of Photorefractive Polymers hn Sensitizer Hole-transport Chromophore

  18. Tuning the IP of Transport Agents Polymer Composites: Polystrene doped with TPD derivatives and C60 Ip = 5.49 eV Ip = 5.45 eV Ip = 5.27 eV Ip = 5.26 eV Ip = 5.35 eV

  19. IP- Dependence of Charge Generation Efficiency Consistent with Marcus theory for electron transfer As ionization potential of the transport agent increases, efficiency decreases

  20. Marcus Theory for Electron Transfer Hopping rate described as: λ - reorganization energy β – distance dependence

  21. Dependence of Charge Generation Eff. on Distance Between Hoping Sites This follows the Marcus theory for electron transfer processes

  22. Performance of All PR Materials Other Groups UAZ The dashed line connects points of equal sensitivity *P. Günter (Ed.), Nonlinear Optical Effects and Materials (Springer, NY, 2000)

  23. Wavelength Sensitivity of PR Materials Arizona

  24. Operation at 532 nm • Over-modulation @ ~ 45 V/µm • 80-90% diffraction efficiency • Fast response time (25 ms t1) * Irradiance: 1W/cm2 32-1: PATPD/FDCST/TPAAc/NF (48/40.6/11.9/0.5)

  25. Two-Color Sensitive Devices Absorption Characteristics (Two-color samples) Grating Recorded by Green Laser • Record two-color information of an object by writing with red and green lasers. Grating Recorded by Red Laser This polymer is sensitive at both 532 and 633nm

  26. Thermal Fixing using CO2 Laser, 0.5mm–Glass, CW Writing Cool down naturally for 30s Reading with two writing beams blocked V=0 V=5kV CO2 laser beam On for 2.5-3s Recording and reading at room temperature CO2 laser can provide non-contact heating

  27. Conclusions • Optimization of Photorefractive polymers • Demonstration of PR polymers with excellent performance

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