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Title: African Nations Case Studies

Title: African Nations Case Studies . Nigeria. 1472 - Portuguese navigators reach Nigerian coast. 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. 1861-1914 - Britain consolidates its hold over what it calls the Colony

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Title: African Nations Case Studies

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  1. Title: African Nations Case Studies
  2. Nigeria 1472 - Portuguese navigators reach Nigerian coast. 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. 1861-1914 - Britain consolidates its hold over what it calls the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, governs by "indirect rule" through local leaders. 1960 - Independence, with Prime Minister Sir AbubakarTafawaBalewa leading a coalition government. 2008 January - Oil trades at $100 a barrel for the first time, with violence in oil producing countries such as Nigeria and Algeria helping to drive up prices. 2009 March - Nineteen opposition parties unite to form a "mega-party" to compete against the governing People's Democratic Party in elections due in 2011. 2009 May - Niger Delta militant group Mend rejects government offer of amnesty and declares "all-out war" on Nigerian military. 2009 July - Hundreds die in northeastern Nigeria after the BokoHaram Islamist movement launches a campaign of violence in a bid to have Sharia law imposed on the entire country. Security forces storm BokoHaram's stronghold and kill the movement's leader.
  3. Kenya -1400 - 1700 - The Portuguese extend their empire to East Africa-1720 - Control of the coast was won back by the Arabs-1800 - Christian missionaries and explorers come in to Africa and the Europeans start a process of the colonization of Kenya-1800's - The Maasai settled in the Rift Valley-1895 - The British declared Kenya a Protectorate-1895–1901 - A railroad was built from Mombasa to Kisumu on Lake Victoria -1896 - 1905 Kenyan people resist the British rule-1956 - Mau Mau Rebellion and Emergence of the Kenya African Union (KAU)-1961-Jomo Kenyatta become independent Kenya's first president-1963 - Kenya gained Independence-1964 - Kenya became a Republic.
  4. Pan –African Movement Desire to unify Africa into one nation- dream of Kwame Nkrumah Does not happen – Africa suffers from tribal/ethnic/religious conflicts with language and geographic barriers that make it hard to unify.
  5. Democratic Republic of the Congo Former Belgium colony Belgium provided no social services or support to citizens during their rule Belgium didn’t prepare citizens for independence Civil War erupted due to hostile ethnic groups and a corrupt dictatorship that replaced the colonial government Mobutu SeseSeko seized control in 1965 & ruled for 35 years. Ruled by force. Seko renamed country Zaire Overthrown in 1997 by rebel leader Laurent Kabila (during which civil war raged) Renamed country Democratic Republic of the Congo
  6. Angola Former Portuguese colony Portugal withdrew from Angola in 1975 due to high costs & opposition from Portuguese people Civil War broke out between communist backed MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola) & UNITA (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola), which was backed by the US and South Africa. 2002 Civil War came to an end
  7. Ghana Non-violent leader was Kwame Nkrumah Organizes strikes and boycotts Achieves independence in 1957- name change from “The Gold Coast” to “Ghana” Nkrumah becomes first prime minister- pushes for new roads, schools, and health care- very expensive Pan-African efforts Wanted to unite the states of Africa 1966 army seized power- instability since then First free elections in 2000
  8. Algeria Former French colony 1954 Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) announced intentions to fight for independence FLN won independence in July 1962 Bella Algeria’s 1st President 1965-1988: Modernization attempts unsuccessful Civil war between Islamic militants and government broke out after 1991 elections. Civil War continues on & off to this day
  9. Zimbabwe Former British colony (Rhodesia) Gained independence in 1980 President-Robert Mugabe & Prime Minster-Morgan Tsvangirai political enemies Experiencing hyperinflation with currency-suspended Population-12 million Economic problems began with land-redistribution policies that pitted white and black farmers against one another Other issues: poverty, starvation, & political tension http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8006015.stm
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