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Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience

Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience. Established with Provost & AVCF funds in 2000 Jeffrey Schall, Ph.D., Director 52 Faculty from 14 Departments in College of Arts and Sciences Peabody College of Education School of Engineering School of Medicine

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Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience

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  1. Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience • Established with Provost & AVCF funds in 2000 • Jeffrey Schall, Ph.D., Director • 52 Faculty from 14 Departments in • College of Arts and Sciences • Peabody College of Education • School of Engineering • School of Medicine • Support for research, graduate training and undergraduate education in integrative and cognitive neuroscience • Extensive coordination with KC, VUIIS and VVRC http://cicn.vanderbilt.edu/

  2. Vanderbilt Vision Research Center • Established in 1989 • Jeffrey Schall, Ph.D., Director • 42 Faculty from 13 Departments in • College of Arts and Sciences • Peabody College of Education • School of Engineering • School of Medicine • Support for research, postdoctoral and graduate training in eye and vision science • Home for NEI Core grant and NEI Training grant. http://vision-research.vanderbilt.edu/

  3. CICN and VVRC facilitate research on brain systems, behavior and cognition. • For example, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) • Inattention • Hyperactivity • Impulsivity • Diagnosis and treatment requires effective behavior testing. • The stop signal task probes people’s ability to control thought and action

  4. GO STOP! “Green light, red light” task. GO

  5. Performance in the stop signal task can be explained by a mathematical model of a race between the process that makes you GO and the process that makes you STOP. This model permits determination of how long it takes to stop, the stop signal reaction time. Kids with ADHD have longer than normal stop signal reaction time.

  6. Movements are initiated when certain neurons discharge a certain amount. The variability in time to start moving arises from variability in the time taken by neurons to reach the trigger threshold. How the brain produces movements Activation 0.0 0.1 0.2 Time from stimulus (sec)

  7. Stop SSRT In the stop signal task, movements are withheld if and only if the movement neurons are prevented from reaching the threshold. Go Activation 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Time from stimulus (sec)

  8. Movement in spite of stop signal = Error Movement when no stop signal = Success Neurons in medial frontal lobe signal errors and success Activation -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 Time from movement (sec)

  9. and functional brain imaging observations of medial frontal lobe. Error-related negativity From Brown and Braver, Science, 307:1118-1121 18 February 2005 0 300 400 500 100 200 Time from EMG onset (msec) from Gehring and Fencsik, The Journal of Neuroscience 21(23):9430-9437 Error signals from single neurons correspond to scalp potentials

  10. 5p15.3 DAT Gene • A plausible link between genes, brain circuits and behavior • Error monitoring signals are based on the activation of dopamine neurons that comprise the brains “reward system” • Abnormal dopamine transporter (DAT) linked to ADHD • Hypothesis that abnormal DAT causes impulsivity • Test by coordinated screening of the DAT gene and performance on the stop signal task in ADHD subjects Error-related negativity

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