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Developmental Education of Kentucky’s Public Postsecondary Entering Class of 2004 Developmental Education Taskforce November 8, 2006. “Mandatory Placement Policy” 3 KAR 2:020, Section 6. Guidelines for admission to state-supported postsecondary education institutions in Kentucky.
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Developmental Education of Kentucky’s Public Postsecondary Entering Class of 2004Developmental Education TaskforceNovember 8, 2006
“Mandatory Placement Policy”3 KAR 2:020, Section 6 • Guidelines for admission to state-supported postsecondary education institutions in Kentucky. • Requires assessment and placement of first-time degree-seeking students beginning fall 2001 • System-wide standard mandates some form of developmental education or further placement testing for students who score eighteen (18) or above on a mathematics, English or reading subscale of the ACT assessment.
Underprepared Students by Subject,All KY Public College Entrants, 2004 Note: Underprepared students scored 17 or lower on an ACT subject exam or the equivalent on the SAT or an on-campus placement exam. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
Developmental Education of the 2004 Entry Cohort • Were students’ developmental needs met? • Extent to which students’ developmental needs were met during first two years • Method of meeting need • How effective was developmental education? • Grade in first college-level math and English course • Retention to the second year • GPA at end of first year
Types of Developmental Education • This report includes: • Developmental courses (not for college credit) • Supplemented college-level courses (for college credit) • Placements out of developmental education via institutional exams (some standardized, some not)
Types of Developmental Education Not all forms of developmental education are included in this report • Individual tutoring and other forms of individualized academic services have not been tracked by CPE to date • Not all institutions had complete data on supplemented college-level courses and institutional placement exams in their student information systems for the 2004 cohort
Developmental Education of Underprepared Students by Subject, 2004 Note: Includes only students who were retained to the second year. Not all forms of developmental education are included. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
Developmental Education of Underprepared Students by Subject and Institution, 2004 Note: Includes only students who were retained to the second year. Not all forms of developmental education are included. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
Effectiveness of Developmental Education • Measures used: • Grade in first college-level math, English or social science course • Retention to the second year • GPA at end of first year • Compare three categories of students: • Prepared students • Underprepared, developmental students • Underprepared students with no developmental coursework or placements
Effectiveness of Developmental Education • Cautions: • Association, not causation • Categories lump together students with widely varying skill levels • Not all developmental services are included, would suppress association • Small numbers at some institutions • Not all institutions offer developmental courses in English and reading • Generalizing about grades and GPA
Students with Grades of C or Better in Their First College-Level Course in a Subject, by Preparation Level and Developmental Education, 2004 Note: Includes only students who were retained to the second year. Not all forms of developmental education are included. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
System-Level Retention by Preparation Level and Developmental Education, 2004 Note: Includes retention to the second year at any public or independent postsecondary institution in Kentucky. Not all forms of developmental education are included. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
Students' GPA at End of First Year, by Preparation Level and Developmental Education, 2004 Note: Includes only students who were retained to the second year. Not all forms of developmental education are included. Source: Council on Postsecondary Education Comprehensive Database
Success of Developmental Education • Among underprepared students, developmental education was associated with better student outcomes • Gap between prepared and underprepared students remained, system wide and at most institutions • Some institutions closed this gap • Lack of association between developmental education and first college-level grades in English and reading was probably due to lower rates of developmental education and data gaps
Extent of Developmental Education • Substantial numbers of underprepared students did not take developmental education or place out • Not all forms of developmental education were included, but the gap was still quite large • Best coverage is in math, English and reading lag • Great variation by institution • Eastern and Morehead have very high rates in all subjects • Other institutions lag in one or more subjects