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Sumerian Society and Science

Sumerian Society and Science. Standard 1.1 E.Q. Social changes occurred. Kings, Landholders, and some priests made up the highest level. Wealthy merchants ranked next. Followed by people who work with there hands. Lowest level of Sumerian society were the slaves.

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Sumerian Society and Science

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  1. Sumerian Society and Science Standard 1.1 E.Q. Social changes occurred

  2. Kings, Landholders, and some priests made up the highest level. • Wealthy merchants ranked next. Followed by people who work with there hands. • Lowest level of Sumerian society were the slaves. • Most foreigners who had been captured in war. Social Classes

  3. Sumerians who had been sold in to slavery as children to pay debts. • Social class affected the lives of both men and women. • Women worked as merchants, farmers, or artisans. Could hold property, and priesthood. • Sumerian women could learn to read and write. • Sumerian women had more rights than women in many later civilizations. Social Class impacts

  4. Sumerians invented: • Wheel • Sail • Plow • First to use bronze • System of writing – Cuneiform • Cuneiform: System of writing. First known to make maps on a clay tablets about 2300 B.C. Science and Technology

  5. Arithmetic and geometry: Needed both of these to erect city walls, buildings, plan irrigation system and survey flooded fields. • Architectural innovations: Arches, columns, ramps • Pyramids shaped the design of the ziggurat • Permanently influence Mesopotamian society. Sumerian Science and Technology

  6. Constantly at war with one another. • Weakened city - states could no longer ward off attacks from the people of the surrounding deserts and hills. • Their civilizations did not die. Succeeding sets of rulers adapted the basic ideas of Sumerian culture to meet their own needs. First Empire Builders

  7. Conqueror named Sargon defeated the city – sates of Sumer. • Led his army from Akkad, a city – state north of Sumer. • Adopted most aspects of Sumerian culture. • Helped to spread that culture even farther. • Empire: Several peoples, nations, or previously independent state under the control of one ruler. • First empire in history. Saragon of Akkad

  8. At its height, the Akkadian Empire loosely controlled land from the Mediterranean Coast in the west to present – day Iran in the past. • Fell apart to internal fighting, invasions, and a famine. Akkadian Empire

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