Monty Jones, Executive Director

1. PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA TO ACHIEVE THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Monty Jones, Executive Director UN presentation

2. Presentation Outline • Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs • Regional strategies and frameworks towards reforming African agriculture to increase its productivity thereby contributing to achievement of the MDGs • CAADP, • FAAP • FARA and SROs • Conclusion

3. SSA registered lowest growth in agricultural value added per agricultural population Performance of African agriculture Cereal yields rose in all regions except Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) Indicators of agricultural performance show stagnation or decline in SSA LEGEND: SSA – Sub Saharan Africa SA – South Asia EAP – East Asia and Pacific MENA – Middle East and North Africa LAC – Latin America and Caribbean Source: World Bank (2007) World Development Report 2008

4. Improving agricultural practices to relieve children, girls and women from labour and drudgery Raising incomes Enhancing food and nutrition security 2. Universal primary education 3. Empowerment of women 4. Reduction in child mortality, 5. Maternal health improvement 6. Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria + other diseases Role of agriculture towards achievement of MDGs in SSA

5. SSA not likely to achieve MDG targets by 2015 Unless current trends of decline are dramatically reversed, SSA is set to become the only region that will fail to achieve MDG targets by 2015 Sub Saharan Africa 40 South Asia 30 MDG Targets Share of people living on less than US$1 a day (%) East Asia and Pacific 20 10 Latin America & Caribbean 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Source: (World Bank 2005)

6. The African vision by AU/NEPAD Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) • Dynamic agricultural markets among nations/region • Become a net exporter of agricultural products • Food available/affordable + equitable wealth distribution • Strategic player in agricultural S&T development • Sustainable use of natural resources Regional agricultural production to grow at an annual rate of 6% by 2015.

7. The CAADP Pillars PILLAR 1 Extending the area under sustainable land and water management PILLAR 2 Improving rural infrastructure and trade-related capacities for market access PILLAR 3 Increasing food supply and reducing hunger • PILLAR 4 • Agricultural research, technology dissemination & adoption • Integrated natural resource management • Adoptive management of appropriate germplasm • Development of sustainable market chains • Policies for sustainable agriculture Each pillar has a lead institution responsible for developing a framework (guidelines and principles for implementation)

8. 4% growth rate in agricultural productivity CAADP 6% growth rate in agriculture The Framework for African Agricultural Productivity (FAAP) Endorsed by African Heads of State and Government in June 2006 • Systematic fragmentation among innovation systems elements • Capacity weaknesses • Insufficient end-user involvement • Ineffective farmer support systems • Fragmented external support • Inadequate investment in ARD Prioritizes activities with the highest potential to impact productivity, e.g.

9. The FAAP process Common understanding of FAAP as a tool to: • Provide sound guidance for overall direction of agricultural productivity interventions • Support processes that steer institutions and programs towards CAADP vision • Advocate increased political support, technical, methodological support and financial support

10. FAAP as a tool for promoting agricultural innovation 1. Evolution & reform of agricultural institutions & services Extension, research, training & education farmer Development agencies, int’l financing institutions African countries, private sector 2. Increasing the scale of Africa’s investment 3. Aligned & coordinated financial support

11. FAAP interventions • National (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategies) • Response to market conditions and economic fluctuations • Knowledge sharing, synergies & feedback mechanisms • Stakeholder participation in decision making • Sub-regional • (e.g. WAAPP of West Africa) • use of pluralistic model • use principles of subsidiarity • cost sharing to achieve economies of scale • coordinated advocacy • Regional • (e.g. FARA regional initiatives) • Advocacy for investments • Partnership building • Exchange of info & learning

12. Relationship of FARA and SROs to FAAP & CAADP

13. FARA’s Regional Initiatives

14. Tracking progress towards 10% contribution of national budgets to agriculture (2002-04) Increasing investment in African agricultural productivity programs What is required? • Substantial increase in funding from African governments • G8 and associated development agencies to honour commitments to increase support to African agriculture

15. Harmonization of external funding support Aims • Synchronization of support to avoid fragmentation • Enhancement of overall funding to national governments • Contribute towards comprehensive + sustained funding Mechanisms • Shift from project support to a programmatic approach • Adoption of common processes • Common financial management procedures, monitoring and evaluation and reporting and review systems • Multi-donor trust funds or pooling of resources

16. Monitoring & Evaluation of FAAP • FAAP and CAADP review process • To be undertaken in year 2010 and 2015 • To cover status of agricultural innovation across the continent • FAAP monitoring and evaluation • Investments in agricultural research and dissemination systems • Trends in value of agricultural production, productivity, trade • Trends in farmer income and poverty measures • Indicators of institutional capacity and reform • Number and area under new technologies • Number of farmers, processors and others adopting the new technologies • Policy, strategies and programs in place • Number of donors coordinating and harmonizing support under FAAP

17. Conclusion • Agriculture is a fundamental instrument for achieving broad-based development in Africa and the MDGs • A Vision and Framework for increasing agricultural productivity (CAADP & FAAP) are in place and have received endorsement at the highest political level. • We now need to speed up their implementation; a collective task for national, regional and international actors • Africa may not realise the MDGs by the target date of 2015, but with concerted effort towards the Vision it can achieve them within the lifetimes of our children!!