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Problem Solving Workgroup. Gems – The Past . System Scientific method - Bacon Applied behavior analysis Group Scientific method - Bacon Behavioral consultation – Carnine , Witt, Noell Mainstream assistance teams – Fuchs Instructional consultation – Rosenfield Applied behavior analysis
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Gems – The Past • System • Scientific method - Bacon • Applied behavior analysis • Group • Scientific method - Bacon • Behavioral consultation – Carnine, Witt, Noell • Mainstream assistance teams – Fuchs • Instructional consultation – Rosenfield • Applied behavior analysis • Individual • Scientific method - Bacon • Behavioral consultation – Carnine, Witt, Noell, Erchul • Data-based program modification – Deno & Mirkin • Applied behavior analysis • Diagnostic analysis – Fuchs, Hosp • IDEAL – Bransford & Stein 1984 • CBE – Howell • CBA – Tucker, Gickling
Cutting-Edge Research • System • Student support teams • Fidelity of problem solving implementation – Burns • PLCs – Dufours • Cost-benefit analysis - Vanderheyden & Tilly • Group • Sheppard, McCown leadership work • Classroom data-based decision making - Vanderheyden • Individual • Item response/computerized scoring to identify instructional sequences • Easy CBM approach – Tindal, Christ • Brief experimental analysis – Daly and Martens • Experimental teaching – Deno et al. • Assessment for learning – Heritage, William, Stiggins, Wiggins, • Algorithm guided reading instruction - O’Connor
The Future DOGMA
Systems-Focused Agenda • Given the identified past and present research, the major gaps are at the systems level. Consequently, the research agenda in this area should focus on systems-level research. These questions should then be replicated at the group and individual levels.
Future Research Agenda • What data and instruments result in reliable and valid decisions? • What are the characteristics of effective team-based problem solving (personnel, logistics, purpose/questions, skills sets, roles)? What system of teaming results to the most effective problem solving? • What are the key components at each level to produce better outcomes at each level of implementation? • What questions should teams be asking to drive the problem solving process? • What level of fidelity of the problem solving process is needed to ensure improved child outcomes? • How do we best measure fidelity of problem solving? • How will schools measure it? • Who measures it? • What criteria should be used for system, group, and individual decisions to produce improved student outcomes? • What is the basis for different criteria and which are superior? • Which should be used to allocate resources at the different levels? • How does the team select the best possible intervention? • What are good problem analysis/selection of intervention models for system and group?