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CHILDHOOD & ADOLESCENT PHARMACOLOGY. C Gilbert RN Chaffey College VN Program. SLEEP AIDES. Natural/herbals = Melatonin Benzodiazepines: Xanax , Librium, Ativan , Serax , Valium Insomnia: Dalmane , Restoril , Halcion. CNS DEPRESSANTS. NonBenzodiazapines : BuSpar , Ambien
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CHILDHOOD & ADOLESCENT PHARMACOLOGY C Gilbert RN Chaffey College VN Program
SLEEP AIDES • Natural/herbals = Melatonin • Benzodiazepines: Xanax, Librium, Ativan, Serax, Valium • Insomnia: Dalmane, Restoril, Halcion
CNS DEPRESSANTS • NonBenzodiazapines: BuSpar, Ambien Slow brain neuronal activity, sedate, calm & relax Can cause physical/psychological dependence Some may also be used for anxiety
ANTIDEPRESSANTS 4 CATEGORIES: • 1. MAOI’s • 2. Tricyclics • 3. SSRI’s • 4. Atypical
ANTIDEPRESSANTS • 2 main mechanisms of action: enhance serotonin & norepinephrine (neurotransmitters) • May take 4-6 weeks for full therapuetic effectiveness
MAOI’s • Marplan • Nardil • Parnate
TRICYCLIC’S • Elavil • Sinequan • Rofranil
SSRI’s • Celexa • Lexapro • Prozac • Paxil • Zoloft Safest category w/ least SE
ATYPICAL’S • Wellbutrin • Serzone • Desryl • Effexor
MOOD STABILIZERS Bipolar Disorders • Lithium – mainstay of Rx • Narrow therapeutic index • Serum level monitoring intense esp @ onset of Tx • Acts like Na in body, conditions of Na loss can cause toxicity
ANTIMANIACS Antiseizure: Tegretol, Klonopin, Depakene • Lamictal • Neurotin
ADHD • Adderall • Dexadrine • Ritalin (Concerta) • Nonstimulant: Strattera (new)
ADHD • Drugs increase alertness & focus • Stimulants main course of Rx • Schedule II drugs
ANTIPSYCOTIC’S • Thorazine • Prolizin • Mellaril • Stelazine • Haldol
ANTIPSYCOTIC’S • + & - to the Rx • Difficult to treat these illnesses • No single drug of choice for schizophrenia • Also referred to as neuroleptics • SE are common & often severe
ANTIANXIETY • Betablockers: Inderal & Atenolol used
ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCOTIC’S • Abilify • Clozaril • Zyprexa • Seroquel • Risperdal
EATING DISORDERS • Antidepressants: Prozac, Elavil, Tofranil • Appetite Stimulants: Periactin, Megace • Antipsychotics: Zyprexa, Risperdal
MALE SEXUALITY • Viagra • Levitra • Cialis