1 / 41

Equine Dentition

Equine Dentition. Equine Health Management November 30, 2011 Presentation by Erin Pittman. “Never Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth”. Aging a horse by teeth Diseases of the teeth Diseases of the oral cavity. Teeth. Incisors – cutting teeth, closest to the front of the mouth

oihane
Download Presentation

Equine Dentition

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Equine Dentition Equine Health Management November 30, 2011 Presentation by Erin Pittman

  2. “Never Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth” • Aging a horse by teeth • Diseases of the teeth • Diseases of the oral cavity

  3. Teeth • Incisors – cutting teeth, closest to the front of the mouth • Canines – common in adult males, less common and smaller in adult females • Found in the gap between the incisors and premolars • Premolars – the three or four cheek teeth closest to front of mouth • Molars – the three cheek teeth at the back of the mouth

  4. Deciduous Teeth • A total of 24 “baby” or “milk” teeth in the young horse • 12 incisors and 12 premolars • No canines or molars!

  5. Permanent Teeth • Replace the deciduous teeth, where present • The deciduous tooth that precedes the permanent tooth is called a cap • From eruption to being in wear is ~6 months • Continue to grow, using up the reserve crown over many years • Adult stallion with wolf teeth has 42 teeth

  6. Molars Premolars Canine

  7. Permanent Teeth • Six cheek teeth • Premolars 2, 3, and 4 • Molars 1, 2, and 3 • Fourth cheek tooth is the first molar • First premolar = wolf tooth • May be absent or very small in adult • Incisors: • Central • Intermediate • Corner

  8. Eruption Dates

  9. Eruption Dates

  10. Aging by teeth • An imprecise science – after the permanent teeth have erupted and are in wear, aging by teeth is a matter of judgement!

  11. Things to consider • Permanent vs. deciduous teeth • 7 and 11 year hooks • Points and stars. Enamel cups and dental stars • Galvayne’s Groove • Incisor Angle • Lip tattoo. 1997 started the alphabet again at “A”

  12. One Year Old

  13. Two Years Old

  14. Three Years Old

  15. Four Years Old

  16. Five Years Old

  17. Six Years Old

  18. Seven Years Old 7-year hook

  19. Eight Years Old

  20. Nine Years Old

  21. Ten Years Old Galvayne’s Groove

  22. Twelve Years Old

  23. Fifteen Years Old

  24. Seventeen Years Old

  25. Twenty Years Old and Older

  26. Quidding Spilling/spitting grain or hay Difficulty chewing Cheek sensitivity or swelling Sensitivity to the bit Head shaking or head tilt Foul odor from mouth or nostrils Excess salivation Exaggerated tongue movements Bleeding from mouth (especially after riding) Poor body condition Rough haircoat Dental Problems?

  27. Dental Examinations • Probably need to be tranquilized! • MUST use a full-mouth speculum • Visual and digital examination essential • How often?

  28. Dental Problems • Retained dental caps • Permanent teeth can’t push deciduous teeth out • Lampas • Swelling in hard palate mucous membrane • Two year old bumps • Bone reacts with teeth  lump below jaw • Wolf teeth • Not always next to premolar 2

  29. Wolf tooth location and extraction

  30. Dental Problems • Canines • Don’t always erupt • Molar hooks • Upper premolar 2 • Lower third molar (most painful) • Float inside lower jaw, outside of upper jaw • Cribbing (woodchewing) • Air isn’t swallowed!

  31. Floating the teeth toget rid of sharp pointson molars and premolars • Outside of upper teeth • Inside of lower teeth

  32. Dental Problems • Windsucking (Stumpsucking) • Similar to Cribbing but doesn’t require something to set teeth on • May cause colic • Overdevelopment of neck muscles • Parrot Mouth/overshot jaw • Increased incidence of molar hooks • Decreased ability to prehend food

  33. Parrot Mouth

  34. Dental Problems • Monkey Mouth/undershot jaw • Wave Mouth • Can be caused by retained cap • Uneven wear of premolars and molars • Step mouth • Missing teeth/uneven wear • Cracked or fractured teeth

  35. Dental Problems • Periodontal disease • Dental decay • Tooth root abscess • Supernumerary teeth • Dentigerous cyst • Salivary duct injuries • Tongue lacerations • Oral ulcers

  36. Dental Problems • Cleft Palate • Odontomas • Bishoping

  37. Difficulty or unwillingness to eat Slow and messy feeding Extreme bad breath Quidding Productive cough Nasal reflux of saliva, food and fluids Possible Causes: Strangles infection Stylohyoid osteomyleitis Physical trauma Poisoning, such as lead Botulism Dysphagia Inability to prehend, chew and swallow properly

More Related