Chapter 3: Growth & Division

1. Chapter 3: Growth & Division Section 3: American Nationalism

2. Nationalism • Is: • Loyalty & devotion to a nation • 3 effects on the U.S. government… • The Economy – creating a national bank • The Judicial System – federal courts power over states • Foreign Affairs – Expanding U.S. borders

3. 1. The Economy • 1st Bank of the U.S. was denied • States kept power = Bad • The Second Bank • Proposed by: John C Calhoun • Two thingsFederal Bank solved… • Set a national currency • Control over state banks

4. 2. The Judicial System • Chief Justice John C Marshall & the Supreme Court will rule in cases that establish the federal court dominance over the state Courts • Marbury vs. Madison • McCulloch vs. Maryland • Gibbons vs. Ogden

5. Marbury vs. Madison • Issue: • William Marbury was appointed to Justice of the Peace by Adams but letter was never delivered. Jefferson told James Madison (Chief Justice) not to deliver it. Marbury then field suit against Madison for not sending letter. • Verdict • Sided with Madison – Judiciary Act was unconstitutional • Established • Judicial Review

6. McCulloch vs. Maryland • Issue: • Maryland created a “Bank Tax” trying to tax the national bank out of existence. The national bank then sued. • Verdict: • State power to tax, cannot be used to cancel or nullify federal law • Nationalism: • Federal Law (U.S. Constitution) is Supreme and states cannot cancel out federal laws they don’t like

7. Gibbons vs. Ogden • Issue: • Gibbons & Ogden wanted to run a Ferry Service between NY & NJ. Ogden had a state permit, Gibbons clamed federal law permitted him to. Both men sue each other • Verdict: • State permit didn’t give Ogden exclusive right to the route because the federal government can control intestate trade • Nationalism: • The federal government had the power to regulate trade between states and therefore increased their power over the states

8. 3. Foreign Affairs • President Monroe (5thprez) expanded the U.S. and asserted itself internationally • The Florida Purchase • Seminoles clashed with Americans • General Andrew Jackson led a force into Florida to.. • Fight the Seminoles • Seize Spanish Forts • Spain sold Florida to the U.S.

9. 3. Foreign Affairs • Adams – Onis Treaty • Drew a definitive border between Spanish land and the Land from the Louisiana Purchase

10. 3. Foreign Affairs • Rush – Bagot Treaty • Both the U.S. and England agree to remove naval fleets from the Great Lakes • Convention of 1818 • Both the U.S. and England agree that U.S. Canada border should be the 49th Parallel

11. 3. Foreign Affairs • The Monroe Doctrine • Occurred because of: • Fear that Russia & Spain might try and reclaim old colonies • Accomplishments: 1. “The U.S. would defend North America from outside invaders” 2. “The U.S. would stay out of European Affairs • Nationalism: • Asserted our national interests to the world • Raised our level of national power and legitimacy