Current Event 1 ½-2 pages Will the country of Egypt ever be secure and stable?

2. Current Event 1 ½-2 pages • Will the country of Egypt ever be secure and stable? • How can Egypt prevent another football riot from happening again? • Will Egypt’s new democratic government last?

3. 73 people were killed in a brawl between rival groups of soccer fans after a match last Wed. Deadliest soccer riot in 15 years. • Fans faulted police for failing to conduct gate searches , and unwilling to control violence. (video shows officers standing still.)Conspiracy?Destablizing country?

4. Started half way through match. After match fans stormed the field. Knives, clubs and stones. • “People are dying and no one is doing a thing” said one witness. Bloody bodies littered the field. • Die hard soccer fans-ultras-(agst Mubarak and military regime) • Gov trying to stir up chaos?

5. Info about Egypt • Egypt is going though a transitional gov. • Currently, the military is in power, but parliamentary elections have happened. A civilian rule hoping to happen by June. Many angry want military rulers to surrender immediately, before a new constitution and president.

6. Religion • Egypt • Muslim 90% • Christianity 10% Minority (often violence agst Christians) • Terrorist attacks on Christians in Africa, Middle East, and Asia increased greatly from 2003 to 2010.

7. Egypt financial crisis • Debts • 12% unemployment • New rule= financial instability.

8. History in the last year • Jan 25, 2011 Mass protests after uprising in Tunisia. • Protestor took control Cairo’s Tahrir Square taunting police and protesting Mubarak rule. 1 year ago • Mubarak resigned on Feb 11, 2011 rending 30 years of tyrannical rule.

9. Military took power since Mubarek many wondered will our gov be any different? • Egypt is under martial law with a military council. • MB- radical underground force in Egypt and other Sunni countries, promoting strict moral discipline and opposing Western influence • Jan 23 Egypt first democratically elected Parliament in more than 60 years. Elections brought conflict. • Muslim Brotherhood-Islamist group half of seats newly elected Parliament.

10. US and Egypt = tense! 30 yr alliance • US-Turn over authority to civilians asap! • US gives 1.3-2 billion dollars in military aid a year. • Egypt’s gov thought Non profit financing should pass through gov first and go only to licensed groups. US directly financed non profit groups. 19 Americans put to trial.

11. Quiz Time Scientific Revolution 1500-1800

12. ScientificRevolution • Period of time when people began to define scientific method and apply it to search for truth.

13. Isaac Newton has just theorized that the universe is not a dark mystery, but a system whose parts work together in ways that can be expressed mathematically. A series of arguments have been occurring that have challenged old ways of thinking in fields from astronomy to medicine. • Why might people have difficulty accepting new ideas or ways of thinking? • What are the risks of embracing a different idea? What are some risks of always refusing to do so?

14. Causes • People challenge religion and question ideas accepted for hundreds of years. • “rebirth” of learning during the Renaissance promoted debate of classical material.

15. Exploration fueled scientific research; new technology. • European scholars translated many works by Muslim scholars; astronomy, physics and mathematics. • Printing press Gutenberg

16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hodYUDDfsY

17. Francis Bacon • Experimental thinking • New scientific method of observation and experiment. • Gather information and then draw conclusions.

18. Rene Descartes • Math and logic- the founder of geometry. • Doubt until proved by reason (math). • “I think, therefore, I am.” • analytical geometry (linked algebra and geometry). • urged data collection, math, in all experimentation.

19. Scientific Method-logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. Problem or question through observation, form a hypothesis (unproved assumption). Hypothesis tested in an experiment or on data, scientists analyze and interpret their data to reach a new conclusion. Conclusion confirms or disproves hypothesis.

20. Which of the steps do you consider to be the most important and why?

21. Problem: My car won't start. Hypothesis: If I put gas in my car, it will start. First, I will call my friend Bill and ask for a ride to the gas station. I will take the five gallon gas can and fill it with five gallons of gasoline at the pump. After paying the gas station owner for the gasoline, I will get a ride back to my car and put the gasoline in the tank. Once the gasoline is in the tank, I will attempt to restart the car. • Results: The car started on the first try. • Conclusion: When I put gas in my car, it started.

22. Old Way of Thinking Geocentric Theory • Earth centered view-Geocentric theory. • Idea from Aristotle. Medieval view • Ptolemy expanded theory • Christianity taught God deliberately placed earth at center of the universe.

23. Geocentric Theory

24. Nicholas Copernicus • Heliocentric theory-sun is the center of our solar system • The earth is one of several planets revolving around the sun.

26. Tycho Brahe developed a research center and believed that mathematical data could disprove Copernicus. He died before making sense of the data.

27. Johannes Kepler • Planets follow an elliptical (egg shaped), not a circular, orbit in revolving around the sun. • Supported Copernicus • proved planets revolve around the sun.

29. Galileo, an Italian scientist, published book Starry Messenger in 1610. Reported: • Law of Pendulum • sun had dark spots • Jupiter had four moons • Laws of Motion

30. Galileo Galilei • First European to make observations through telescope • Father of modern science • Law of falling bodies • Confirmed Copernican theory

31. Galileo Trial 1633 • Protestants and Catholics upset by scientific findings, went against church teaching and authority. • Taught Copernican theory as truth, published book. • Pope summoned Galileo to stand trial before the Inquisition. • Forced to state he would never support Copernicus. • Sentenced to house arrest & silence

32. Inquisition-church held by court to suppress heresy. Heretic-views differed from church • People questioned for weeks and tortured, sometimes burned at the stake.

34. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpjviFLHH7c&feature=related

35. Isaac Newton • Invented calculus • Story-apple fell on head. • Formulated the Laws of Motion • Calculated the Law of Gravitation

36. Explained same physical laws governed motion both on earth and in the heavens.

37. Vesalius • Undertook dissections of the human body • Founded anatomy

38. Edward Jenner • Edward Jenner-vaccine to prevent smallpox. Inoculation (injecting germ into body to create immunity to disease.). Used cowpox to produce world’s first vaccine to cure smallpox.

39. Pandemic killed 30-60% of population. 25 million dead 1 out of every 3 From fleas living on the black rats on merchant ships. It spread throughout the Mediterranean and Europe. Black Plague 1300’s

41. Medieval people did not know about germs causing disease.

42. What were the symptoms of the plague?

43. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek • Perfected the microscope to observe bacteria, examined red blood cells. (1670’s)

44. Robert Boyle • Founder of modern chemistry. • Challenged Aristotle’s idea. • Matter made up of smaller primary particles that joined together in different ways. • Boyle’s law-volume, temperature and pressure of gas affect each other.

46. (1500-1600)The Great European Witch Hunt • Witchcraft was seen as a pact made with the devil • During 16th and 17th centuries, between 40,000-60,000 people were executed 75-85% tried were women, single , over 40 • Legal changes were made to facilitate massive trials • Most trials began with a single accusation which grew into numerous accusations • Thus a “witch-hunt” • Doubts and skepticism eventually brought trials to a halt