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Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity and Magnetism. Dr. Shaun Wyngaardt (Room 511). Dr. Shaun M. Wyngaardt. PHY1032 LAB. Experiment 3 (Multimeter) Experiment 4 (Ohm’s law). Course Information. Course Coordinator : C. A. Dominguez (Rm. 408) Course Lecturer : Dr. S. M. Wyngaardt (Rm. 511)

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Electricity and Magnetism

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  1. Electricity and Magnetism Dr. Shaun Wyngaardt (Room 511) Dr. Shaun M. Wyngaardt

  2. PHY1032 LAB Experiment 3 (Multimeter) Experiment 4 (Ohm’s law).

  3. Course Information Course Coordinator:C. A. Dominguez (Rm. 408) Course Lecturer:Dr. S. M. Wyngaardt (Rm. 511) Course Tutor: Mr. Steve Jones (Rm. 526)

  4. Course Information Laboratory coordinator: Dr. Rudolph Nchodu (Rm. 504) + Dr. Shaun Wyngaardt (Rm. 511) Laboratory Coordinator: Mr Mark Christians (1st year lab)

  5. Course Assessment • Weekly Problem Sets • Bi-weekly Tutorials/Pracs • Test • Examination

  6. Review • Mechanics • Waves • Optics • Electricity and Magnetism • Atomic and Nuclear Physics (Modern Physics)

  7. Outline of EM Course • Electric Forces and Electric Fields • Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential • Electric Circuits

  8. Magnetic Force and Magnetic Fields • Electromagnetic Induction • Alternating Current Circuits • The Nature of Electromagnetic Waves

  9. Mechanical Forces • Investigate the interaction of macroscopic objects.

  10. y (m) • x (m) Mechanical Forces • Newton’s 1st Law: Deals with the consequence of a force action on an object

  11. Mechanical Forces • Newton’s 2nd Law: Quantifies the motion producted by a force

  12. Mechanical Forces • Newton’s 3rd Law: Force of Trolley on Robot Force of Robot on trolley

  13. Mechanical Forces • Newton’s 3rd Law: Force of Trolley on Robot Force of Robot on trolley

  14. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Gravitational force (Acts between objects with mass).

  15. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Electromagnetic Force (Interaction between charged particles)

  16. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force (Interaction between nucleons: Protons + Nucleons)

  17. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force (Interaction between nucleons: Protons + Nucleons)

  18. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force (Interaction between nucleons: Protons + Nucleons)

  19. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force (Interaction between nucleons: Protons + Nucleons)

  20. Fundamental Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force (Interaction between nucleons: Protons + Nucleons)

  21. Electric Forces and Electric Fields

  22. Outline • Electric charge • Electric Force, Electric fields • Electric Flux and Gaub law • Electric potential and Electric Potential Energy • Capacitors and dielectric (Electric storage)

  23. The courses slides are available at http://www.phy.uct.ac.za/courses/phy1032s/EM/EM.htm

  24. The physics of charged objects • Study of electricity aims to understand the interaction between different charged objects. + -

  25. The physics of charged objects • Study of electricity aims to understand the interaction between different charged objects. + + - -

  26. The physics of charged objects • Electric charge is measured in units call a Coulomb (C). + + - -

  27. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  28. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  29. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  30. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  31. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  32. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  33. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  34. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  35. Unlocking the nature of Charge

  36. Structure of Matter • Fundamental building blocks of the matter are atoms.

  37. Structure of Matter • Fundamental building blocks of the matter are atoms. - electrons - - neutral neutrons + + + - + protons

  38. Structure of Matter • Neutral atom – electron = Positive ion - - - - + + + + + + - + - -

  39. Structure of Matter • Fundamental building blocks of the matter are atoms. - - - - + + + + + + - + - -

  40. Structure of Matter • Neutral atom + electron = negative ion. - - - - + + + + + + - + - - -

  41. ELECTRICALLY CHARGING OBJECTS + - + - + - - + - - + + + - + - + - neutral object

  42. ELECTRICALLY CHARGING OBJECTS + - + - + - - + - - + + + - + - + - positive object

  43. ELECTRICALLY CHARGING OBJECTS + - + - + - - - + - - + + + - + - + - negative object

  44. Charging by Induction • In metals outer atomic electrons are not bound to any atoms (electron see). + + + + + + + + + +

  45. Charging by Induction • In metals outer atomic electrons are not bound to any atoms (electron see). - + + + + + + + + + +

  46. Charging by Induction

  47. Electric Polarization • Same atoms have weakly bound electrons. - - + + - + + + + - + - - -

  48. Electric Polarization • Same atoms have weakly bound electrons. - + - + + - + + + + - + - - -

  49. Electric Polarization

  50. Electric Polarization and the Water Molecule • Water molecules consist of an Oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. • The Oxygen nucleus has a stronger affinity for electrons than the hydrogen nucleus. • Hence the electron of a water molecule is strongly polarized towards the oxygen molecule.

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