HighWire Press Innovation by & with scholars

1. HighWire PressInnovation by & with scholars Michael A. Keller Stanford University Libraries http://highwire.stanford.edu

2. What is HighWire Press? A dept of the Stanford University Libraries A service to scholarly societies & “responsible” publishers A community of publishers An enterprise (it is self-supporting) Not an aggregator Not a serials jobber Not free, publishers charged fees for services Not going to be sold, soon or ever

3. What is the mission ofHighWire Press? Engage advanced network & other I.T. to enhance scholarly communication -- innovate constantly on the basis of -- publishers’ & editors’ desires & -- feedback from readers Contribute to marketplace correction by improving the competitive posture of scholarly societies and other “responsible” publishers -- lifting the performance bars high -- attracting authors & readers to scholarly societies

4. Content -highly cited, frequently read • Publishers/societies 65 • Titles/sites 211 • 40% of top 100 of most cited journals • 20% of top 500 of most cited journals • 52% of HW in top 500 most cited journals • Full text articles 295,000, of which • Free full text articles 172,000 • Total content (articles/abstracts) 743,000 per monthgrowth in 1999 • Distinct hosts ~ 3 million 73% • Data delivered over a terabyte 126%

6. Content: Representative Journals • Science Magazine • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences • Journal of Biological Chemistry • British Medical Journal • EMBO Journal & EMBO Reports • Journal of Neuroscience • American Journal of Physiology (all sections) • Annual Review (all sections) • Health Promotion International

7. Content - available as published • No delay of content for institutional readers • Publication is becoming faster: • Ever shortening time between author submission & publication • Manuscript acceptance & publication are becoming simultaneous events • The issue is becoming a relic • Private overnet to Brazil (& 24 other nations)

8. Articles become free…

9. Content –multimedia with purposes ~ 2000 articles have data supplements (.01%) • Movies 26% • Documents 6% • Images 60% • Excel  6%

10. Content – easily accessible, even free • Free back articles • Publishers 24 • Titles 62 • Articles 172,000 ~60% of total • Database grows ~7,000 articles/month • 10,000 to 12,000 pp per week • Free prepublication articles • Accepted manuscripts (unedited papers) available for free, forever, e.g. JBC Papers In Press

11. Content – are older articles accessed? • Use decay ~users/article/month • At publication 100% • After 3+ months ~13% • After 6+ months ~ 7% (forever?) • More readers online: they are accessing old articles & need more full text articles online • Institutional statistics of use available Governments should fund retrospective conversion else science will cease before ~1995

12. Content: ‘More is better’ • Marketplace competition & choice • Content, content, content • Highly cited, frequently read • Back files • Easily accessible, even free • Available fast • Formats follow function, multimedia with purposes • Services to enhance research, teaching, learning • Toll free linking among HighWire titles • Personal alerting functions • Perpetual access

13. Services - links • ~ 2 million links from bibliographic references to full text articles & abstracts • Medline, ISI Web of Science, GenBank, HW jrnls • ~ 500,000 links to free full text articles

14. Services - alerts • Table of Contents • current • future • Subject and Author • topic/author match • article is cited – hot link in e-mail message • Forward citation alert • New titles • ~1 million alerts to 1/3+ million readers • Growth ~100,000 alerts/month As of 4.16.00

15. Perpetual Access • STM publishing is a record of scholarship • Online is superset of the paper • Paper journals are no longer an archival record • E-journals are dynamic, have links and services • Static PDF or SGML archives are not sufficient • Back files & free access are services, not archives

16. Perpetual Access • Need many different systems and approaches • HighWire migrates files (5x, so far!) • HighWire maintains source and operating file tape archive off-site • LOCKSS – Lots Of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe • A software protocol to locally store and manage web content • decentralized, distributed, highly replicated • easy to use, inexpensive to operate • Insures web content functionality, integrity, access • http://lockss.stanford.edu • SUL “Dark Cave” digital archive in development

17. Innovations • Design/development & production site for Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed • http://www.oed.com • Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment • AAAS content & HighWire technology • A digital library – information and information services • First of many http://www.stke.org • Concept (semantic) searching in development

18. http://Highwire.stanford.edu Contacts: vreich@stanford.edu bzavon@stanford.edu

19. More about lockssif questions arise • Provides simple web cache that: • never gets flushed • holds authorized content • The cache • pre-fetches content as published • continuously validates against other caches • repairs gaps from publisher and other caches • Persistence via redundancy • not via media archiving • Cheap hardware; free open source software