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Phantom Simulation of Liver Motion During Breathing

Phantom Simulation of Liver Motion During Breathing. Group Members: Ian Dallmeyer Tuta Guerra Ian Henderlong Advisor: Dr. Bob Galloway. Background. Over 17,550 people in the U.S. diagnosed with primary liver cancer in 2005. 15,420 will die of liver cancer in 2005.

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Phantom Simulation of Liver Motion During Breathing

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  1. Phantom Simulation of Liver Motion During Breathing Group Members: Ian Dallmeyer Tuta Guerra Ian Henderlong Advisor: Dr. Bob Galloway

  2. Background • Over 17,550 people in the U.S. diagnosed with primary liver cancer in 2005. 15,420 will die of liver cancer in 2005. • Cancers often spread throughout the liver. • Traditional surgery difficult/not possible.

  3. Image Guided Liver Surgery • Imaging Techniques • CT, MRI, Ultrasound, X-ray angiography • Use data to create 3-D registration of liver • Surgical Therapy • Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) • Chemoembolization • Chemotherapy • Embolization

  4. Success Rates of IGLS

  5. Problem • Need an anatomically correct model which accurately simulates liver motion due to breathing to test IGLS techniques.

  6. Advantages of Phantom Model • Porcine Liver • Approx. $1,000 – $2,000 per liver • Not anatomically correct • Not reusable • Phantom model • Anatomically correct • Reusable • Time and space-saving • Silicon • Art Department

  7. Market Potential • Current methods too invasive • Low survival rate • Long recovery periods • Estimated market for IGLS 10x current IGNS market ($3.0-$7.5 billion) • Global Market • Liver Cancer is 10X more common in developing countries • Disadvantages with Competing Technologies – HFJV • Duration of 45 min. • Cardiovascular Complications • Patient Response • Expensive

  8. Phantom Liver System Design Ground power source w/ switch 2N2222 NPN Transistor Muscle Wire (All encased in PVC housing)

  9. Shape Memory Alloy • Shape memory alloys deform upon heating • Martensite – low T, soft, deformable • Austenite – higher T, hard, non-deformable • Other SMA’s - CuZnAl, and CuAlNi

  10. Muscle Wire Specs • Alloy: nitinol • R 50 /m • Activation T 70oC • Diameter = 150mm • Act. Current = 400 mA • Vact =~ 10V • Cooling time = 2 s

  11. Design Specs • 1-D Linear motion (cranial- caudal) • 10.8 + 2.5 mm (ATLM) • Breath Frequency ~= .11 Hz. (1 breath/9 sec) • Active optical position sensor (Optotrak 3020)

  12. Current Work • Circuit Design • Power Source Construction • Rebuild Base and Track System

  13. Future Work • Construction of PVC housing • Research for final paper/poster • Total model assembly

  14. References • Herline AJ, Stefansic JD, Debelak JP, Hartmann SL, Wright Pinson C, Galloway RL, Chapman WC. Image Guided Surgery: Preliminary; Feasibility Studies of Frameless Stereotactic Liver Surgery. June 1999 Archives of Surgery 134:644-650 • Tarczy-Hornoch P, Jones D, Zerom B, Woodrum D, and Berk R. Mechanical Ventilators. [Online] Available http://weber.u.washington.edu/~neonatal/NICU-WEB/vents.html, 1998.

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