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Physical and Chemical Control

Physical and Chemical Control. Sterilization Aseptic Disinfection Antiseptic Degerming Sanitation Pasteurization. Germicide Bacteriocide Bacteriostatic Fungicide Virucides. Definitions. Microbial Death. Death = no growth Constant rate (log). Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Agents.

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Physical and Chemical Control

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  1. Physical and Chemical Control

  2. Sterilization Aseptic Disinfection Antiseptic Degerming Sanitation Pasteurization Germicide Bacteriocide Bacteriostatic Fungicide Virucides Definitions

  3. Microbial Death • Death = no growth • Constant rate (log)

  4. Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Agents • Environmental Factors • Number • Concentration • Composition • Organic Matter • Exposure time • Temperature • pH • Resistance Factors

  5. Actions of Agents

  6. Alter Cell Membrane by Osmosis

  7. Alter NA • Agents • Heat • Chemical • Radiation • Results • Mutation • Stop protein synthesis

  8. Alter Proteins by Denaturing

  9. Physical Methods of Control • Temperature • Heat • Boiling • Moist/Dry • Pasteurization • Incineration • Cold • Refrigeration • Freezing • Irradiation • UV • Gamma • X-rays • Microwave • Filtration • Drying/Desiccation • Osmotic Pressure • High Salt concentrations

  10. Sterilization Methods • Heat • Boiling • Steam • Incineration • Irradiation • Filtration • Membranes • Chemical • Gas

  11. Chemical Agents • Purpose • Decrease numbers • Does not sterilize • Types • Antiseptics • Disinfectants • Preservatives • Antibiotics

  12. Antiseptics • Phenols • Bisphenols • Biguanines • Halogens • Quaterinary Ammonium

  13. Disinfectants • Types • Phenolics • Halogens • Alcohol • Heavy Metals • Aldehydes • Peroxygens • MOA • Oxidize • Denature • Disrupt membranes

  14. Degerming • Surfactants • Mechanical removal • Examples • Soaps • Detergents

  15. Food Preservatives Calcium propionate Sodium nitrate

  16. Antibiotics

  17. Resistant Organisms (most  least) • Prions  Endospores  Mycobacteria  Protozoan Cysts  Vegetative protozoa  Gram (-) Bacteria  Fungal spores  Viruses without envelopes  Gram (+) Bacteria  Viruses with envelopes.

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