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Women in Public Life. Women in the Work Force. Upper/Middle –class values Poorer women had to work outside the home Where did they work? Farm Industry – new option for jobs/ better paying 20% of all women worked outside the home/25% in manufacturing/ textiles Still paid less then men
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Women in the Work Force • Upper/Middle –class values • Poorer women had to work outside the home • Where did they work? • Farm • Industry – new option for jobs/ better paying • 20% of all women worked outside the home/25% in manufacturing/ textiles • Still paid less then men • New jobs in offices, stores, and classrooms (education) 1890 women outnumbered men in high school graduates • New schools: book keeping, stenographer, typists.
Women Lead Reform • Dangerous conditions in manufacturing • Make improving education, housing reform, and food and drug laws, the right to vote – priority issues. • New women’s colleges • Vassar, Smith and Wellesley Colleges • Columbia, Brown, Harvard refused to admit women but started “women” colleges • Why would these institution refuse to educate women? • What impact would educated women have on family life?
Reform Movement • Uneducated laborers started workplace reforms (unions denied women membership) • 1896 NAWC (National Association of Colored Women) “moral education of the race…”
Suffrage • Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Created the National American Woman Suffrage Association • Why would people fear giving women the right to vote? • Liquor industry • Textile industry • Men and change
Three Prong Attack • Getting state legislature support • Wyoming, Utah, Colorado and Idaho • Why would these frontier states be on board to grant women the vote? • Pursue court cases • Testing the 14th amendment – deny male citizens vote would lose congressional representation aren’t women citizens? • Ultimately “women are citizens, but citizenship doesn’t guarantee suffrage”
Constitutional Amendment • Introduced in CA but killed – 41 years until amendment is ratified.
TASK • With a partner: • Make a placard (poster) that can be displayed at a rally for woman suffrage. • Start by creating a slogan • Think about what would appeal to women of this time? • Why is the right to vote critical for women? • What elements can you include to reach your audience? • How are you going to reach those that may not speak English or read? • We will vote at the end of class on the best slogan!