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The barriers to adopting new energy systems in Swaziland and portland: a comparative study

The barriers to adopting new energy systems in Swaziland and portland: a comparative study. Benjamin Jay Rathbun A Scholar. Energy. Consumption is rising while resources are depleting

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The barriers to adopting new energy systems in Swaziland and portland: a comparative study

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  1. The barriers to adopting new energy systems in Swaziland and portland: a comparative study • Benjamin Jay Rathbun • A Scholar

  2. Energy • Consumption is rising while resources are depleting • Humans in the modern day have been focused on reducing energy impact/cost, while simultaneously looking to increase availability/efficiency

  3. barriers of adoption • Challenges that disallow or dissuade a group or individual from implementing a new system • Household, regional • Psychological, economic, etc. • Location makes a difference (?)

  4. Do the barriers to adopting new energy systems differ according to one’s location? If so, how? Do barriers of adoption in an industrialized, developed region differ from those in a developing region? What are the barriers to adopting new energy systems in both Swaziland and Portland; and, in what ways do they compare and contrast?

  5. Methods • Swaziland • Field Reconnaissance (EHA, finding and mapping sites of harvest, mapping energy system use respective to household) • Expert interviews, informal (Department of Energy, Department of Forestry) • Non-expert interviews, informal (various individuals in 4 situated communities) • Portland • Energy use in relation to area/demographic (PGE) • Mappin’ stuff

  6. Swaziland • Fuelwood is the primary source of energy in Swaziland and large-scale degradation has occurred because of over-reliance (VAC 2012, SEA 2012) Ezulwini Valley Settlement 1972 Ezulwini Valley Settlement Current

  7. Swaziland Energy Use Ezulwini Valley Fuelwood Locations

  8. Results (Swaziland) • Four main barriers • Sociocultural: Tradition, transition, education • Economic: Expensive systems, little incentive • Promotional: Expectations, pressure>needs, scale • Political: Lack of momentum, engagement, and consensus

  9. Discussion (Swaziland) • Directed Action Groups: “One-takes-all” doesn’t work, different households/communities have different barriers • The Market: major driving force in what is “in”, “pushing” technologies, equilibrium necessary • Interest Groups: grassroots/community organizations are closer, more engaged, and more flexible than government • Data: lack of, may be a central barrier in understanding the issue(s)

  10. Portland Results/discussion (In progress) • Hypothesis: The higher socioeconomic status, the more energy aware and “efficient/sustainable”

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