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Use of Animals in Research: IACUCs, Animal Care, and More

Topics to be Addressed:. What is

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Use of Animals in Research: IACUCs, Animal Care, and More

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    1. Use of Animals in Research: IACUCs, Animal Care, and More Suzanne M. Rivera, M.S.W. Assistant Vice President, Research Services Acting Director, Animal Resources Center UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Good morning!Good morning!

    2. Topics to be Addressed: What is “Animal Care and Use?” Ethical Principles and Legal Requirements Components of an Animal Welfare Program Roles and Responsibilities Training Noncompliance Accreditation Worker Protection Your Questions

    3. Base Premise “Virtually every major medical advance of the last 100 years (as well as advances in veterinary medicine) has depended on research with animals. Animal studies have provided the scientific knowledge that allows health care providers to improve the quality of life for humans and animals by preventing and treating diseases and disorders, and by easing pain and suffering.” - Foundation for Biomedical Research, “Understanding the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research” Before I jump into the content of today’s talk, let me just state in the interest of full disclosure what my perspective is on animal research.Before I jump into the content of today’s talk, let me just state in the interest of full disclosure what my perspective is on animal research.

    4. Animal Welfare v. Animal Rights Many people juxtapose animal welfare against animal rights. My view is that animals have rights– they are just not the same rights as people. So is we are going to use them, it is our moral obligation to protect their welfare as much as is possible.Many people juxtapose animal welfare against animal rights. My view is that animals have rights– they are just not the same rights as people. So is we are going to use them, it is our moral obligation to protect their welfare as much as is possible.

    5. Topics to be Addressed: What is “Animal Care and Use?” Ethical Principles and Legal Requirements Components of an Animal Welfare Program Roles and Responsibilities Training Noncompliance Accreditation Worker Protection Your Questions

    6. What is Animal Care and Use? For purposes of this session, the word “animals” means live, vertebrate animals used in research, testing, teaching, health surveillance, or for related purposes. For purposes of this session, the phrase “care and use” means procurement, housing, transport, husbandry, health maintenance, experimentation, treatment and humane euthanasia.

    7. Topics to be Addressed: What is “Animal Care and Use?” Ethical Principles and Legal Requirements Components of an Animal Welfare Program Roles and Responsibilities Training Noncompliance Accreditation Worker Protection Your Questions

    8. Ethics History Minute 1946 Post WWII boom in public funding of science 1950 “Chicago Five” Animal Care Panel 1963 Guide for Lab Animal Facilities and Care 1966 Lab Animal Welfare Act 1973 PHS Policy 1985 PHS Act 1991 PHS Act Amended We could spend a whole hour just on the fascinating topic of how thinking about animal use has evolved over time. But we have other material to cover so I’ll just briefly say…We could spend a whole hour just on the fascinating topic of how thinking about animal use has evolved over time. But we have other material to cover so I’ll just briefly say…

    9. The Sundowner Principles --articulated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1996 Respect for Life Societal Benefit Non-Maleficence

    10. The Three “Rs” Refine- consider alternatives to any procedure that causes more than momentary pain or distress Reduce- the number of animals used should be the minimum that is consistent with the aims of the experiment Replace- use non-animal models when possible (e.g., in vitro methods)

    11. What are the Rules Today? Animal Welfare Act, 1966 [USC Title 7, Sections 2131 to 2156] as amended in 1970, 1976, 1985 and 1990. Animal Welfare Regulations [Title 9 CFR, Subchapter A, Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2 and 3] Health Research Extension Act, 1985 [Public Law 99-158, November 20, 1985, Section 495] US Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training, 1985 PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 1986 2000 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia [JAVMA, Vol. 218, No. 5, March 1, 2001] Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Guide) [NRC, 5th Ed., 1996] NIH Grants Policy Statement (03/01), Part II: Terms and Conditions of NIH Grant Awards Subpart A: General -- Part 2 of 7

    12. Who Enforces Standards? USDA (regulations) OLAW (regulations) AAALAC, Int. (voluntary accreditation standards) States (statutes) Local Municipalities (laws) Institutions (policies) Local IACUCs (policies, procedures) Attending Veterinarian/Institutional Animal Care Personnel

    13. Topics to be Addressed: What is “Animal Care and Use?” Ethical Principles and Legal Requirements Components of an Animal Welfare Program Roles and Responsibilities Training Noncompliance Accreditation Worker Protection Your Questions

    14. Animal Welfare Program

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