The State of Medicaid Programs Medicaid: A Primer on the Federal-State Partnership

1. The State of Medicaid Programs Medicaid: A Primer on the Federal-State Partnership Alliance for Health Reform| Kaiser Family Foundation March 4, 2011 Dr. Andrew Allison, KHPA Executive Director President, National Association of Medicaid Directors

2. Overview • A state’s definition of Medicaid • Impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on Kansas • State Medicaid programs in the new economy • Next Steps for States

3. A Working Definition of Medicaid • Medicaid is an optional source of matching funds for states wishing to purchase healthcare for selected populations • Federal share varies from 50%-90% • Opting out is hard to do… • It is a payment source, but is thought of as an insurance product • Run by states, governed jointly • Strings are attached: lots of them • Over half of Medicaid spending used to be “optional”

4. A Statement of Purpose for State Medicaid Programs • Use of state and federal matching funds to meet the state’s greatest health needs.

5. Potential Impact of the ACA on Kansas

6. ▲ 96,000 ▼191,000 ▲ 73,000 ▲ 131,000 ▼ 108,000

7. Affordable Care Act: Impact on State Spending in 2020 *Options are illustrative and do not reflect the opinions of KHPA staff, nor the KHPA Board. State spending totals for the uninsured through the safety net are preliminary ($40-$45 million annually) . **To the estimate from the actuaries model, this adds new administrative costs and reductions in DSH spending.

8. Sources of Growth in Medicaid Spending 2011 vs. 2020 (estimates in $ millions) Note: Assumes no additional reduction in state spending on the uninsured, and no increase in Medicaid provider rates.

9. Affordable Care Act Implementation: State Responsibilities • Implement insurance reforms • decide whether to accept the responsibility and opportunities that come with the establishment of an exchange • define what kind of competition they want inside the exchange • decide how to govern these new and potentially dominant health insurance markets • decide whether, and how, to use the buying power and regulatory influence they have been given in Federal legislation • Coordinate Medicaid and the new exchange(s) • ensure access to coverage • seamless transitions between different sources of coverage • link Medicaid’s insurance market with the new private insurance market? • Determine Medicaid’s new role in the health care system • simplify eligibility and select benefit package for Medicaid expansion group • set Medicaid payment rates and secure access to providers • Respond to numerous grant and demonstration project opportunities

10. State Medicaid Programs in the New Economy

11. Fundamental Shifts in the US Economy

12. Medicaid’s Growth Outpaces the National Economy The only reduction came in 2006, when $billions in prescription drug spending were shifted into Medicare Part D

13. Recent Growth in Medicaid Spending in Kansas

14. Potential Growth in Kansas Medicaid

15. Concentrations of Program Dollars in Kansas

16. Next Steps for States

17. Medicaid Cost Containment: Options Avoiding unnecessary spending • Available approaches to reduce Medicaid spending • Reduce payments • Reduce eligibility • Reduce range of services offered • Lower utilization through appropriate management and improved services • Limitations on state flexibility • Eligibility maintenance of effort (MOE) requirement began in ARRA and was made permanent in the ACA • Potential legal restrictions on state flexibility to reduce payments • Vast majority of optional spending is for services that either improve health , lower overall costs, or could be protected by the MOE • Remaining options are to redesign program payments, coordinate care, address unnecessary utilization and ensure positive incentives for both consumers and providers to achieve high quality care

18. What if it isn’t enough? • Title XIX was created in the fifth straight year of job growth, and during a 10-year stretch of continuous job growth • Medicaid was expanded over 45 years of relative economic growth, including a few recession/recoveries • Passage of the ACA is a major exception • Previous discussions about the role of Medicaid in economic downturns focused on the short-term nature of recessions, unemployment and related enrollment spikes • Maintaining baseline growth in Medicaid will require a new level of tax burden in many states, and at Federal level • Controlling spending may require revisiting Federal requirements

19. Crunch Time for Medicaid • Senate version of reform transferred the health reform debate to states, who must now make many key decisions, including the decision to initiate a very challenging implementation • The fiscal base for both the ACA and Medicaid is weak • States are approaching fiscal crisis at varying speeds • Sustainability of Title XIX (Medicaid) is now in jeopardy • States will need to explore the relationship between Medicaid’s costs, needed reforms, and the ACA • States will need either more money or more flexibility in order to balance their budgets • Deadlines for tough state decisions are fast approaching

20. http://www.khpa.ks.gov/