PERANAN PEMBANTU PERUBATAN DALAM PROGRAM KAWALAN PENYAKIT BERJANGKIT

1. PERANAN PEMBANTU PERUBATAN DALAM PROGRAM KAWALAN PENYAKIT BERJANGKIT CAWANGAN PENYAKIT BERJANGKIT

2. PROFESIONAL PRACTICE • Able to work within the health service • Appropriate use of regulatory framework to protect public health • Consistently demonstrate commitment to evidence based public health practice

3. HEALTH SECTOR MANAGEMENT • Understand our health services (structure and functions) • Able to identify the process associated with effective operation of health services • Able to manage effective working teams at various level • Able to manage projects/activities

4. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT • Able to utilize appropriate data sources to describe the health of the population • Able to analyses data sources appropriately • Able to prepare written reports that include the descriptive presentation of data

5. COMMUNICATION • Able to prepare reports, submissions and articles on public health issues to the standard acceptable for publication or appropriate decision maker • Able to prepare and delivers presentations at public health forums • Able to communicate with the relevant managers, authority, media & public

6. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND BIOSTATISTICS • Able to applies epidemiological principles when designing studies, manages data collection and performs epidemiological analysis • Able to applies epidemiological principles to establish/evaluate a surveillance system, screening programs, interventions • Able to advises other health professionals on the use of epidemiological data and methods

7. HEALTH POLICY • Able to determine requirement for new policy or guideline to address specific public health issues • Able to prepare a policy or guideline for submission or approval and implementation • Able to evaluate the impact of a policy or guidelines

8. HEALTH PROMOTION • Able to manage an effective health promotion intervention • Enable individual and community participation in action to promote health • Able to influence the policy and practices of other organizations to promote, protect and support the health of the population • Advocate for action to identify and solve public health problems

9. HEALTH CARE EVALUATION • Able to plan and implement the evaluation of health intervention using qualitative and quantitative evaluation techniques • Able to involves clients in the evaluation of a health intervention • Able to implements the results of an evaluation to improve public health policy or practice

10. INFECTIOUS DISEASES • Able to set up and evaluate a surveillance system • Able to responds appropriately to outbreaks of infectious disease • Able to liases with intrasectoral and intersectoral groups responsible for the control of infectious disease • Able to describe environmental factors that govern important infectious diseases

11. SURVEILLANCE, PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DISEASES CORE FUNCTIONS • Improving health status and the quality of life, reducing health inequalities and disease burden as well as safeguarding the public’s health

12. SURVEILLANCE, PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DISEASES JOB DESCRIPTIONS • Conduct sueveillance of diseases, injuries and exposure to environmental agents harmful to health • Investigates disease outbreaks and injury patterns • Undertake case finding, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of public health important

13. SURVEILLANCE, PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DISEASES JOB DESCRIPTIONS • Access information and support • Respond rapidly to outbreak and emerging health problems or risks • Implement mechanism to improve surveillance and disease prevention and control

14. PEGAWAI-PEGAWAI TERLIBAT DALAM PROGRAM KAWALAN TIBI PERINGKAT KEBANGSAAN, NEGERI DAN DAERAH

15. PASUKAN KAWALAN TIBI KEBANGSAAN • Pengarah Bahagian Kawalan Penyakit • Pengarah Institut Perubatan Respiratori • Timbalan Pengarah Kawalan Penyakit Berjangkit • Ketua Penolong Pengarah Kawalan Tibi/Kusta • Penolong Pengarah Kawalan Tibi/KUsta • Penolong Pegawai Kesihatan Persekitaran Kanan • Pembantu Tadbir Rekod Perubatan

16. PASUKAN KAWALAN TIBI NEGERI • Pengarah Kesihatan Negeri • Timbalan Pengarah Kesihatan Negeri (Keshatan Awam) • Timbalan Pengarah Kesihatan Negeri (Perubatan) • Pakar Perubatan Respiratori/Pakar Perubatan Y/M KLinik Dada • Pengarah Hospital • Pegawai Epidemilogi Negeri • Pakar Patologi Negeri • Pembantu Perubatan Kanan di Klinik Dada • Juruteknologi Makmal Tibi

17. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI NEGERI • Pengelola Rekod • Pengelola Rawatan • Pengelola Makmal • Pengelola BCG

18. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI NEGERI Pengelola Rawatan • Membuat penyeliaan rawatan ke semua pusat rawatan dalam negeri bagi memastikan regim rawatan diikuti • Menentukan semua kes bersimptomatik menjalani ujian kahak sekurang-kurangnya 3 kali • Memastikan sistem rawatan susulan pesakit dan pengesanan kes engkar rawatan dan lalai (missed) rawatan diselenggarakan

19. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI NEGERI Pengelola Rawatan • Memastikan pesakit Tibi yang berpindah pusat rawatan mendapat rawatan seterusnya di pusat rawatan baru • Memberi dan menerima maklumbalas dari pusat rawatan dan rujukan kes dalam masa satu minggu pada bulan yang sama • Mengumpul dan mengemaskini data rawatan Tibi dan menghantarnya kepada Pengelola Rekod • Memastikan semua kes dalam rawatan didaftarkan dan semua kes didaftar menerima rawatan

20. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI NEGERI Pengelola Rawatan • Memastikan semua kes kahak positif diperiksa 2 bulan selepas dimulakan rawatan • Mengurus latihan setempat untuk kakitangan dan membantu latihan diperingkat negeri. • Merupkan pegawai pemantauan untuk strategi DOTS bersama anggota kesihatan lain • Memastikan pesakit Tibi yang berpindah pusat rawatan mendapat rawatan

21. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI DAERAH • Pegawai Kesihatan Daerah • Pengarah Hospital Daerah • Pegwai Perubatan Y/M KLinik Dada Hospital Daerah • Pegawai Perubatan dan Kesihatan • Inspektor Kesihatan Y/M Kawalan Penyakit Berjangkit • Pembantu Perubatan Pusat Rawatan • Jururawat Terlatih & Kesihatan (BCG)

22. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI DAERAH Pembantu Perubatan Pusat Rawatan • Mengendalikan strategi DOTS • Memastikan semua rekod dan buku pendaftaran Tibi dikemaskinikan • Memastikan semua kes Tibi kahak positif dibuat pemeriksaan selepas 2 bulan rawatan untuk dianalisa ‘sputum conversion rate’

23. DOTS Strategy.. Five key elements. 1. Government commitment to sustained TB control activities. 2. Case detection by sputum smear microscopy 3. Standardized treatment regimen of six - eight months for at least all confirmed PTB sputum smear +ve cases, with directly observed treatment (DOT) supervision for at least the intensive phase

24. DOTS Strategy.. Five key elements. 4. A regular, uninterrupted supply of all essential anti TB drugs. 5. A standardized recording and reporting system that allows assessment of treatment outcomes of each patient and of the TB control programme overall.

25. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI DAERAH Pembantu Perubatan Pusat Rawatan • Membuat pemeriksaan pesakit Tibi dan merujuk kes komplikasi ke Pegawai Perubatan • Memastikan kes bersimtomatik diperiksa untuk penyakit Tibi • Menentukan penghantaran contoh kahak dan keputusan berjalan lancar supaya pengesanan kes dapat dibuat secepat mungkin

26. PASUKAN PENGELOLA TIBI DAERAH Pembantu Perubatan Pusat Rawatan • Melaporkan semua kes lalai sebelum engkar rawatan ke Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah terdekat supaya pengesanan kes dapat dibuat dengan segera • Memastikan kes-kes Tibi yang disahkan dilaporkan ke Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah dalam masa 1 minggu dari tarikh mula disahkan kes

27. SUMMARY • Team work • Where in the team? • Levels – National / State/ District/ H. Clinic • Program specific

28. SUMMARY • Patients care – primary care • Surveillance – notification, early warning system incl. rumour etc • Outbreak – field Ix, Rx and Mx - compliment • Interventions – 5 level of prevention • Capacity building • Research

29. THANK YOU