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Phonology: The Context

Phonology: The Context. Foundation Skills Cognition Play Socialization. Pragmatics. Phonology. Semantics. Semantics. Metalinguistics. Phonology. Definition: study of the Suprasegmental and Segmental aspects of Language Suprasegmental: melody of the language

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Phonology: The Context

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  1. Phonology: The Context Foundation Skills Cognition PlaySocialization Pragmatics Phonology Semantics Semantics Metalinguistics

  2. Phonology • Definition: study of the Suprasegmental and Segmental aspects of Language • Suprasegmental: melody of the language • intonation, rhythm, stress, inflection, rate, pitch • paralinguistic • Segments: Sounds of the language, vowels and consonants • Concepts • 1. Sequence Related to Semantics/Syntax • 2. Sequence of Acquisition for Syllables, Vowels and Consonants • 3. Recording

  3. Developmental Progression • Pre-First Word • Babbling • Echolalia • Vocalic or Phonetically Consistent Forms • Holophrases • Telegraphic • Phrases • Sentences • Simple • Compound • Complex

  4. Phonology • #2 Concepts • Receptive/Expressive • Children comprehend the melodic aspects before the individual sounds • Phonemic/Paralinguistic awareness before production • Syllables • initial syllable shape: CVCV, CV

  5. Suprasegmental Development • Term refers to PROSODIC FEATURES • Term includes:intonation, rhythm, stress, • Develops before the first word • In echolalia: child ‘sounds’ like the utterance is “adult-like.” That’s the suprasegmental patterns of English • Hearing Impaired Children do not exhibit this ability

  6. Vowel Acquisition • Nucleus of the syllable • Vowels develop first • front-back /i,a/ • triangle /i,u,a/ • quadrangle /i,u,a, ae/ • dipthongs • By age 3, all vowels

  7. Phonology • Consonants • Explanation: associated with feeding and visibility • Class Development by Manner: • plosives, nasals, glides /w/ • first fricative: /h/ • Class Development by Place • usually frontal sounds /p/b/m/ • as well as alveolar sounds /t,d,n,l/ • other sounds: /k/, /g/. /?/ • by Voicing: presence/absence of laryngeal tone

  8. Consonant Blends • Clusters’ (blends) syllable shape: ccv,cccv, • in speech:vcc (plurals), vccc (ants) • Cluster (Blend) combinations are: /l/, /r/, /s/ • Phonological Process: • Epenthesis (adding a vowel) • Cluster reduction • Cluster deletion • In reading blends are called Diagraphs

  9. Consonant Acquisition • Developmental Mastery • Age of Development or Age of Acquisition or Age of Customary Production • An age-range for sound acquisition • Sander, Prathers • Age of Mastery • Templin, Wellman, Poole • regardless of Linguist, by the Age 8

  10. Vowels 1. Unstressed schwa 2. /I/ 3. /i 4. /E/ 5. /ai/ 6. /ae/ asp 7. /ou/ 8. /e/ 9/ a/ 10. ought Consonants 1. /n/ 2. /r/ 3. /t/ 4. /m/ 5. /s/ 6. /d/ 7/ /w/ 8. /l/ 9. /k/ 10. /z/ Sound Frequency of Occurrence

  11. Phonology • Recording Options • 1. Transcription: Phonemic (Broad //) • Phonetic (Narrow ) • 2. Distinctive Features of Place, Manner, Voicing • 3. Phonological Processes used for either describing normally developing or delayed sound development.

  12. Distinctive Feature Terms • Place: • Front: /p/,/b/,/m/, /f/, /v/, /0/, • Mid: /t/, /d/, /l/, /n/ /s/,/z/, sh • Back: /k/, /g/, ng • Glottal: /h/ • Manner • Plosives • Fricatives • Affricates • Nasals • Approximants • Liquids • Glides • Voicing

  13. Phonological Processes • Linguists: Hodson, Ingram, Weiner, Blache, others, • Processes:

  14. Disappearing by Age 3 Unstressed Syllable Deletion Final Consonant Deletion Assimilation Reduplication Fronting Prevocalic voicing (b/p) Diminutization Persisting After Age 3 Cluster Reduction Epenthesis b li/blid Gliding Stopping Depalatalization Final Voicing Suppression of Phonological Processes

  15. Emergent Literacy Skills • 1. Physical • 2. Cognitive-Linguistic • Answering Questions • Retelling stories • 3. Metalinguistic: Phonemic Awareness- • Related to PHONOLOGY

  16. Phonology-Emergent Literacy Connection • The recognition of the sound-symbol relationship is critical to early success in reading • Recognition begins at the sentence level with segmentation and proceeds to the word- syllable sound levels

  17. End of Phonology Notes light turning rocket /S/ /b/

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