You will learn:

2. Learning objectives You will learn: a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid b. why your own safety must come first c. to assess if a person is unconscious d. when and how to put someone in the recovery position e. what to say and do if you make an emergency call.

3. a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid Nicole’s story “I helped a girl who was choking at the cinema. At the time, I had all sorts of worries… Was I doing more harm than good? What if I did something wrong? In the end I decided that if her life was in danger, it was better to do something than do nothing… I’m glad I got involved now.”

4. a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid “I felt so proud when the girl’s Mom phoned to thank me. The doctor said if I hadn’t acted so quickly she would have been in a much worse state. I don’t want to think about what would have happened if I hadn’t stepped up!”

5. Consider this… If you were in trouble, would you like somebody to help you? Likely you will be helping somebody you know and love. Wouldn’t you want to give them the best chance of survival?

6. a. to consider why it is important to learn first aid When some scaffolding collapsed, Sam saw it happen… “A construction worker was lying still in the dust. His co-worker was stumbling around stunned. There was blood pouring from his arm. A young woman had been passing. She had been hit by a piece of falling scaffolding. She was yelling that her arm was broken. Her baby was screaming in its stroller.” Who was the most important person there? answer on next slide…

7. b. why your own safety must come first Sam was the most important person there. All the casualties (injured people) were depending on him. He had to put his own safety first… If there’s danger, keep a safe distance away. Call 911 at once.

8. b. why your own safety must come first Sam was the most important person there. All the casualties (injured people) were depending on him. He had to put his own safety first… You must stay calm… And check for danger! Sam had to put his own safety first…

9. b. why your own safety must come first How many dangers can you can spot? water around cable – danger of electrocution steam – scalding danger wet floor – slipping danger sharp bits of broken china click for answer

10. c. to assess if a person is unconscious Simon’s story “I was at a gig when this guy in front just keeled over. I felt I should get involved… but I didn’t have a clue what to do. Lucky for him, there was a girl in the crowd who knew exactly how to help. I remember thinking, I wish I knew about stuff like that...”

11. c. to assess if a person is unconscious You spot someone lying on the pavement in the street on your way home from the shops. What questions would you ask yourself? > write a list > put your actions in orderof importance > check your list with the one on the next slide.

12. c. to assess if a person is unconscious • What questions would you ask yourself? • > Is it safe for me to approach the person? • – Is the person just asleep or drunk or fallen over? • – Why has no one else stopped? • > Are they conscious? • – Can they hear my voice when I ask if they’re ok? • – Do they respond when I gently shake their shoulders? • > If not, assume they’re unconscious. Remember: D is for Danger R is for Response

13. c. to assess if a person is unconscious If the person doesn’t respond, shout for help. Then open his or her airway so you can check if they are breathing… • Place your hand on the casualty’s forehead and gently tilt the head backwards. • Place two fingers on the tip of the casualty’s chin and lift the chin. • This is called, “head tilt , chin lift” • DO NOT DO THIS if you believe the person has suffered a spinal or neck injury.. You could cause further damage. A is for Airway

14. d. when and how to put someone in the recovery position When someone’s unconscious, the tongue goes floppy and can fall to the back of the throat. This may prevent air getting through.

15. d. when and how to put someone in the recovery position But when the head is tipped back, the tongue is pulled forward, allowing air through. Simply opening the airway like this can save a life because it allows them to breathe.

16. d. when and how to put someone in the recovery position How to check if someone’s breathing. What three senses could you use? Click to see. Look along the body to see if the chest is moving up and down. Listen for breathing. Put your ear close to unconscious person’s mouth and nose. 1 3 Feelfor breath on your cheek. 2 Check for ten seconds B is for Breathing

17. d. when and how to put someone in the recovery position • This diagrams shows you how to put someone into the recovery position. • Put arms over onto the victims Right side • Gently lift the left knee, and lean over to the right side. • Use the knee (and hip if needed) to roll victim • Use the left leg as a ‘kickstand to keep the victim from rolling back over. • Do not do this if you suspect a head or spinal injury. Now it’s your turn to try… find parent, sibling or friend in your house to practice this with.

18. e. what to say and do if you make an emergency call Hello? Which service do you require? Ambulance Connecting you now… What will Sam be asked next? answer on next slide…

19. e. what to say and do if you make an emergency call > what’s your name? > what number are you calling from? > where are you? (Not sure? Describe landmarks.) > what has happened? > how many people have been hurt? > is anyone unconscious? > has anyone stopped breathing? > is anyone bleeding – if so, how badly? > are there any other hazards or dangers around?

20. Plenary The main points again… > check for danger > try to get a response > open airway > check for breathing >if the casualty is breathing normally and no spinal injury is suspected, put them in the recovery position > call 911 for emergency services.