GenderMintre

2. Women, Peace and Security GenderMintre Gender Mainstreaming in Conflict M. Estrada

3. Gender Mainstreaming • International Policy of gender mainstreaming • Gender perspectives integrated into all elements of policy development in all sections • Security Sector Reform, • Disarmament, • Demobilization and Reintegration, • Police, • Military • Elections • From initial planning through to evaluation.

4. Women, Peace and Security’ Agenda • Women continue to be largely absent from, or play symbolic roles, in formal peace processes. • Social and cultural norms may pose serious challenges to the full and meaningful participation of women in peace processes. • In addition, women are frequently exposed to gender based violence and have limited access to decision making. M. Estrada

5. Women, Peace and Security The blueprint for gender and peacekeeping work for the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) is rooted in 1325 (2000)  First Resolution to address the disproportionate and unique impact of armed conflict on women M. Estrada

6. Women, Peace and Security • Constituted a milestone in addressing VaW in situations of armed conflict. • Recognizes the need to fully implement laws that protect the rights of women and girls during and after armed conflict • Calls for special measures to protect women and girls from gender-based violence in armed conflict. • Emphasized the responsibility of all States to put an end to the impunity of perpetrators. M. Estrada

7. SC Resolution 1325 • It stresses the importance of women’s equal and full participation as active agents in the prevention and resolution of conflicts, peace-building and peacekeeping. It calls on member states to ensure women’s equal participation and full involvement in all efforts for the maintenance and promotion of peace and security, and urges all actors to increase the participation of women and incorporate gender perspective in all areas of peace building

8. Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues • Monitor implementation of resolution 1325 and to promote gender mainstreaming within the United Nations system, women’s empowerment and gender equality • Resolution focused on the importance of effective coordination within the United Nations system in these areas.

9. (2) SC Resolution 1889 (2009) Follow up to 1325 Complements 1325 by calling for the establishment of global indicators to measure progress on SC Resolution 1325 implementation

10. (2) SC Resolution 1820 (2008) (1) • Ending sexual violence and impunity calls for an end to widespread • conflict-related sexual violence and for ACCOUNTABILITY in order • to end impunity.

11. (2) SC Resolution 1820 (2008) (2) • Explicitly links sexual violence as a tactic of war with women peace • and security issues. • It reinforces Resolution 1325 and highlights that sexual violence in • conflict constitutes a war crime and demands parties to armed conflict • to immediately take appropriate measures to protect civilians from • sexual violence, including training troops and enforcing disciplinary • measures.

12. (2) Resolution 1888 (2009) (1) Follow up to Resolution 1820 “Peacekeeping missions must protect women and children from sexual violence during armed conflict, and requests that the Secretary-General appoint a special representative on sexual violence during armed conflict (Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict)”.

13. (2) Resolution 1888 (2009) (2) • It focuses on strengthening leadership, expertise and other • institutional capacities within the United Nations and in member • states to help put an end to conflict-related sexual violence

14. (2) Resolution 1960 (2010) • Adopting or renewing targeted sanctions in situations of armed • conflict • Designation criteria: acts of rape and other forms of sexual violence • Policy of zero tolerance on sexual exploitation and abuse by United • Nations peacekeeping and humanitarian personnel

15. (2) UN Solutions on the Field

16. (2) Conflict - solving • Women can successfully resolve conflicts • relating to land ownership, water and cattle • raiding by establishing dialogues with other • women’s groups from across border lines.

17. (2) Political Participation • In South Sudan, the Women Community Dialogue • Forum in Central Equatoria State held meetings with • community’s leaders to discuss the issues affecting • women and children displaced after the conflicts • between the Mundari and the Bari communities. • Two women who were involved in the Community • Dialogue Forum were nominated to the state • legislative assembly.

18. (2) DCR- New Strategy • 5,000 women of all political tendencies including civil society • flooded Kinshasa’s main commercial Avenue(2012), to protest the • fall of Goma to M23 rebels. • Most massively organized non-violent protest in the country. • Women received by MONUSCO’s senior management. • Obtaining position in deliberations of new strategy

19. (2) Outreach • SRSGs outreaching the government, help provide the link • between state-led mechanisms and women’s groups, to ensure that • women’s priorities are on the agenda. • Darfur, (UNAMID) has been able to support the establishment of • The Darfur Women Legislative Caucus, State Committees on Security • Council Resolution 1325 and a High Level State Committee on • Combating Violence Against Women.

20. (2) Mediation and Participation • Open Day in Timor-Leste in 2011 participation of women in • community-level mediation and peace building activities. • UNDP and the Ministry of Social Solidarity implemented a project • “Department of Peacebuilding and Social Cohesion”

22. (2) SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS ALL RELATED TO WOMEN PEACE AND SECURITY HAS BEEN ADOPTED UNDER CHAPRTER VI OF THE UN CHARTER

23. Miriam Estrada-Castillo Professor miriam.estrada@rwi.lu.se The previous slides are excerpts from Dr Miriam Estrada-Castillo New Book “ Gender and Human Rights : Brief analysis of its Principles, Concepts, and Theories from the International Legal Perspective” Kindly quote if copied.