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Chapter 3. Communicating in a World of Diversity. Learning Objectives. Discuss the opportunities and challenges of intercultural communication Define culture, explain how culture is learned, and define ethnocentrism and stereotyping
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Chapter 3 Communicating in a World of Diversity
Learning Objectives • Discuss the opportunities and challenges of intercultural communication • Define culture, explain how culture is learned, and define ethnocentrism and stereotyping • Explain the importance of recognizing cultural variations, and list eight categories of cultural differences
Learning Objectives • List four general guidelines for adapting to any business culture • Identify seven steps you can take to improve your intercultural communication skills
The Concept of Diversity Intercultural Communication Individual Characteristics Cultural Backgrounds Personal Experiences Cultural Differences Communicating in a Diverse World
Advantages of a Diverse Workforce • Connecting with Customers • Expanding the Talent Pool • Broader Spectrum of Viewpoints • Understand and Identify with Diverse Markets
Workplace Diversity Motivation Outlooks Attitudes Communication Cooperation Backgrounds Experiences Challenges of Intercultural Communication
Symbols Attitudes Shared System Priorities Values Norms Attitudes Behaviors Beliefs Expectations Understanding The Concept of Culture
Cultural Assumptions Automatic Coherent Complete Thinking Communicating Behaving Learning Culture
Ethnocentrism Xenophobia Stereotyping Overcoming Negative Cultural Attitudes
Contextual Legal and Ethical Social Nonverbal Signals Gender Age Religion Ability Recognizing Variations in a Diverse World
Decision-Making Practices Problem-Solving Techniques High Context Low Context Negotiating Styles Contextual Differences
Seek Mutual Ground Withhold Judgment Respect Differences Send Honest Messages Legal and Ethical Differences
Work and Success Roles and Status Use of Manners Concepts of Time Future Orientation Openness and Inclusiveness Social Differences
Greetings Personal Space Touching Facial Expressions Eye Contact Posture Formality Nonverbal Differences
Age Differences Youth-Oriented Senior-Oriented Multi-Generational
Gender Differences Communication Styles Existing Company Cultures
Personal Beliefs Workplace Issues Religious Differences
Assistive Technologies Customers Colleagues Employees Ability Differences
Personal Biases The “Golden Rule” Tolerance, Respect, and Flexibility Patience and a Sense of Humor Adapting to Other Cultures
Individualism Equality Privacy and Personal Space Time and Schedules Religious Beliefs Communication Styles U.S. Business Culture
Study Other Cultures Write and Speak Clearly Respect Style Preferences Listen Carefully Use Interpreters and Translators Help Others Adapt Effectively Communicating Across Cultures
Facilitate Communication Promote Business Relationships Studying Other Languages
Level of Directness Degree of Formality Respecting Communication Preferences
Clear Language Conciseness Transitional Elements International Addresses Numbers and Dates Slang, Jargon, or Idioms Humor and Culture Audience Expectations Writing Clearly
Intercultural Business Letter Excerpts Business message excerpt conforming to Chinese practices Dear Mr. Li:-> The salutation uses a colon rather than a comma. Our market tests show strong potential for demand among younger consumers, who are often eager to try new products. We are now looking for a manufacturing partner, and we are very willing to collaborate with you. - > The phrase “we are very willing to collaborate with you” shows respect for the reader and suggests the interest in forming a partnership. Please share your company’s philosophy and strategies for minimizing these two concerns. -> “Minimizing” is easier for a non-native speaker to understand rather than a word like “mitigating.”
Speaking and Listening Intercultural Conversations
Human Beings Computers Interpretation Translation Tools Cultural Context Words & Phrases Nonverbal Cues Gist of the Message Interpreters & Translators
Offer Useful Advice Business Communication Simplify the Process Helping Others Adapt