Management: Definition and Overview

1. Management:Definition and Overview

2. Management Definition: “The effective and efficient attainment of organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading and controlling organizational resources.” In English: “The art of getting things done through people.”

3. Functions of Management:Plan, Organize, Lead, Control

4. Planning: ● Define Organizational Goals ● Define Product or Service ● Market Research and Analysis ● Determine Market Niche ● Create Mission Statement

5. Organizing: ● Creating the Structure of the Organization ● Determine Business Entity ● Determine Business Model

6. Leading: ● Communicating with and Motivating Employees ● Team Building ● Create Motivational Tools; Incentive Programs

7. Controlling: ● Monitor Performance and Take Corrective Action ● Performance Feedback ● Benchmarking ● Reengineering

8. Management Personality Traits: ● Conceptual – “Big Picture” Driven ● Human – Relational Driven ● Technical – Details Driven

9. Manager’s Workbook Quiz

10. Goal Setting and Planning Goal – A Desired Future Result Plan – A Blueprint for Achieving Your Goal

11. Planning Mission Statement “What is our reason for being?”

12. Mission Statement “The Mission of Southwest Airlines is Dedication to the Highest Quality of Customer Service, Delivered with a Sense of Warmth, Friendliness, Individual Pride and Company Spirit.”

13. Planning Mission Statement “What is our reason for being?” Vision Statement “What do we want to become?”

14. Vision Statement “To Become the Largest Air-Carrier in The United States, in Terms of Passengers Carried.”

15. Planning Mission Statement “What is our reason for being?” Vision Statement “What do we want to become?” Strategic Planning “How will Org. Achieve Vision”

16. Strategic Plan To Continue Expansion and Profitability by: • Keeping Costs and Fares Low • Continuing Superior On-Time Arrival Record • Providing Positively Outrageous Service

17. Planning Mission Statement “What is our reason for being?” Vision Statement “What do we want to become?” Strategic Planning “How will Org. Achieve Vision” Tactical Planning “Activities Needed to Achieve Vision”

18. Tactical Plan ● Turn Aircraft in 20 Minutes ● Serve Peanuts Instead of Meals ● Fly Into Smaller, Less Congested Cities

19. Planning Mission Statement “What is our reason for being?” Vision Statement “What do we want to become?” Strategic Planning “How will Org. Achieve Vision” Tactical Planning “Activities Needed to Achieve Vision” Operational Planning “Use of Resources to Achieve Vision”

20. Operational Plan ● Increase On-Time Performance to 90% ● Lower Delayed Baggage to .5% ● Increase Commendation/Complaint Ratio to 4:1

21. SMART Goal Setting ● Specific – “90% of Arrivals On-Time” ● Measurable – “Based on D.O.T. Statistics” ● Attainable – “We Only an Increase of 1.5%” ● Results Oriented – “To Decrease Boarding Times by 5 Minutes” ● Target Dates – “In the Next 6 Months”

22. A Brief History of Management

23. Early Management: ● Egyptians and Mesopotamians ● Forced Labor ● Harsh Repercussions for non-compliance

24. Classical Management ● Started by the Industrial Revolution ● Geared Towards Manufacturing

25. Classical Management Max Weber ● Bureaucratic Organizations ● Positional Authority ● Charismatic Authority ● Merit Based Pay and Raises

26. Classical Management Frederick Taylor ● Shop Management published 1903 ● Believed Workers Ration Their Work ● One Right Way ● Motion Studies – Bethlehem Steel

27. Classical Management Frank Gilbreth ● “Father of Time Motion Studies” ● Filmed Elemental Motions ● Estimated Time Functions ● Created Ergonomic Tools

28. Modern Management Henri Fayol ● “Father of Modern Management” ● Wrote General and Industrial Management ● Created Five Functions of a Manager: Plan, Organize, Command, Coordinate, Control

29. Modern Management Mary Parker Follett ● Universal Goal ● Universal Principle ● Law of Situation

30. Hawthorne Studies Harvard Business School ● Hawthorne Effect ● Illumination Study ● Group Dynamics

31. Chester Barnard ● Wrote Functions of the Executive ● Acceptance Theory ● Zone of Indifference

32. Abraham Maslow ● Hierarchy of Needs Theory ● All Humans Have same Basic Needs: Physiological, Safety, Social, Esteem, Self-Actualization

33. Theory X ● Average Human Dislikes Work ● People Must be Coerced, Controlled and Threatened to Work ● Average Human Wants to be Directed

34. Theory Y ● Average Human Does Not Dislike Work ● People Will Exercise Self-Direction ● Average Human Seeks Responsibility ● Workers have a High Degree of Imagination and Problem Solving Capabilities

35. Human Resources School ● Focused on Leadership and Motivation ● Employees are Creative and Competent ● Employees Want Meaningful Work ● Employees Want to Participate in Leadership ● Employees are an Untapped Resource

36. Systems Theory ● All Parts of Organization are Connected ● Seeks Synergy

37. Contingency View ● Fit Structure of Organization to Outside Events ● Situational Leadership ● Flexible Guidelines for Leaders

38. Total Quality Management - TQM ● Employee Involvement ● Focus on Customer ● Benchmarking ● Continuous Improvement