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Content Standards in an International Context William H. Schmidt Michigan State University. The Economy Has Changed…Have Our Schools?. Non-routine. Analytic. Skills Demanded by the U.S. Economy. 65. Non-routine Interactive. 60. 55.
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Content Standards in an International Context William H. Schmidt Michigan State University
The Economy Has Changed…Have Our Schools? Non-routine Analytic Skills Demanded by the U.S. Economy 65 Non-routine Interactive 60 55 Mean task input as percentiles of the 1960 task distribution 50 Routine Manual 45 Routine Cognitive Non-routine 40 1960 1970 1980 1990 2002 Manual Sources: Levy and Murnane; Schleicher, 2007
What Americans Value U.S. Rankings on Olympics U.S. Rankings on PISA Reading Science Problem Solving Math U.S. Ranks 15th U.S. Ranks 21st U.S. Ranks 24th U.S. Ranks 25th Sources: PISA 2004, 2007
Elementary & Middle School Students’ Performance on a Fractions Problem
High School Students’ Performance on a Mathematics Literacy Problem
High science performance Average performanceof 15-year-olds in science – extrapolate and apply … 18 countries perform below this line Low science performance
Instructional Content Constructs • Curricular Coherence • Curricular Structure • Curricular Focus • Exposure Time (OTL) • Curricular Rigor • Level of Cognitive Complexity
Distribution of Mean District IGP for PROM/SE Mathematics Classes by Grade
Distribution of Mean District IGP for PROM/SE Mathematics Classes by Grade
Instructional Days Spent on Selected Areas of Mathematics at Elementary and Middle Grades
Are All Algebra Courses the Same? • Fundamentals of Algebra • Advanced Algebra • Algebra I • Algebra IA • Algebra IB • Algebra IC • Algebra I Hons. • Basic Algebra I • Elementary Algebra • Essentials of Algebra • Introduction to Algebra • Enrich. Algebra
Academic Math I Accel. Math I Alt. Math Basic Math Consumer Math Contemporary Math Corrective Math Fundamentals of Math General Math Math Skills Life Skills Math Math Proficiency Transitional Math Unified Math’ Tech. Math Voc. Math Senior Math What Mathematics is Covered in These Courses?
Percent of Population with HS Degree or Equivalent As Others Rise to the Challenge, U.S. Advantage Drops 13 1 1990s % 1980s 1970s 1960s 1 27 Notes: 1) Excluding ISCED 3C short programmes; 2) Year of reference 2004; 3) Including some ISCED 3C short programmes; 4) Year of reference 2003. Source: Schleicher 2007
Even in Higher Education, the World is Catching up… College Graduation Rates % 15 2005 1995 2 Note: Net graduation rate is calculated by summing the graduation rates by single year of age in 2005. Year of reference 2004. Source: OECD 2007