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Biomes Unit 1: Ecology K. Stacker

Biomes Unit 1: Ecology K. Stacker. SEV2: Students will demonstrate an understanding that the Earth is one interconnected system SEV3: Students will describe stability and change in ecosystems

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Biomes Unit 1: Ecology K. Stacker

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  1. BiomesUnit 1: EcologyK. Stacker SEV2: Students will demonstrate an understanding that the Earth is one interconnected system SEV3: Students will describe stability and change in ecosystems SEV5: Students will recognize that human beings are part of the global ecosystem and will evaluate the effects of human activities Element a: Investigate the relationships among organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes. Essential Question (s): 1). How does climate and geographical location determine the types of plants and animals that inhabit a biome?

  2. BIOME NOTESWhat to Do! When ever you see this symbol Be prepared to write. Copy Every Question & Answer

  3. What is a biome? • A biomeis a group of ecosystems with the same climax communities • Biomes located on land are called terrestrial biomes • Biomes located in water are called aquatic biomes

  4. WHAT ARE CHARACTERISTICS OF AQUATIC BIOMES? Ponds Lakes Coral Reefs Estuaries Oceans Streams and Rivers

  5. What are the Aquatic Biomes?

  6. What animal life and plant life exist in the Aquatic Biomes?

  7. What are the Aquatic Biomes? Oligotrophic lakes are nutrient poor (catfish, carp...) Eutrophic lake are nutrient rich (trout, bass...)

  8. Aquatic Biomes Estuary Saltwater Freshwater

  9. What are the Terrestrial Biomes? • Tundra • Taiga aka Coniferous (Boreal) Forest • Temperate Deciduous Forest • Tropical Rain Forest (jungle) • Grasslands • Savanna (tropical grasslands) • Deserts

  10. What Determines Biological Communities (Ecosystems)? Climate (Temperature & Moisture) Geography (Location)

  11. Terrestrial Biomes Seven major biomes cover most of The Earth’s land surface. Because Mountainous areas do not belong to any One biome, they are given their own designation.

  12. What to Do! When ever you see this symbol Be prepared to complete a venn diagram for each terrestrial biome. (PLANTS) (ANIMALS) BIOME NAME (TEMPERATURE) (RAINFALL)

  13. What are the characteristics of the TUNDRA? Alpine Artic

  14. Cold (-20 F to -93 F) & dark most of the year Includes the arctic Permafrost (ice) is the top layer of soil (usually 3-5 ft deep) that thaws to allow for plant growth No trees, but sedges & grass, mosses, & lichens Many migratory animals (Foxes, Owls, Caribou) Lemmings are year round residents Approximately 20 cm annual rainfall Tundra

  15. What are the characteristics of FOREST? Temperate Tropical Boreal

  16. Coniferous forest Extends across northern Eurasia & North America Contains conifers or evergreens (spruce, cedar, fir, pine ...) Needle like leaves withstand weight of snow Bear, deer, moose, wolves, mountain lions ... Sequoia or redwood (largest conifer) grows here Bristle cone pine oldest living conifer found here NOTE: Climate & Precipitation is on the next slide Taiga

  17. Taiga cont’d • Winter's LOWEST temperature in taiga is -65°F.Winter's HIGHEST temperature is 30° F.Summer's LOWEST temperature is 30° F.Summer's HIGHEST temperature is 70° F. • The temperature range, as you can see, is -65° F to 70°F (-54 to 21° C). • The taiga climate has an average annual rainfall of 12 - 33 inches (30 - 84 cm). Most of it falls in the summer as rain.

  18. South of taiga in North America, eastern Asia, & Europe High annual rainfall (75-150 cm) Moderate temperatures with well-defined seasons of about equal length Trees loose leaves in winter (deciduous trees: broad-leaved, hard wood trees) Songbirds, deer, rabbits, foxes, squirrels, frogs & toads, lizards ... Temperate (Deciduous) Forest

  19. Near equator Warm climate (20 -25 degrees C) Plentiful rainfall (190 cm/year) Contains the greatest diversity of plants & animals Insects, monkeys & apes, snakes, tropical birds, leopards... Animals & plants brightly colored Poor soil for agriculture Jungle with (plant layers): 1. Canopy - broad leaf deciduous trees forming uppermost layer 2. Under story - shrubs 3. Forest Floor - herbaceousplants Tropical Rain Forest

  20. What are the characteristics of GRASSLANDS? Tropical: Savanna Temperate: Prairies and Steppes

  21. Mostly grasses with a few trees due to less rainfall Moderate climates Summer temperatures can be well over 38° C (100 degrees Fahrenheit), while winter temperatures can be as low as -40° C (-54 degrees Fahrenheit). Rainfall = 50.8 to 88.9 cm (20-35 inches) Good for agricultural crops Grazing & burrowing animals dominate Also called prairies Grasslands

  22. Tropical grasslands Warm climate & rainy season Rainfall = 50.8 to 127 cm (20-50 inches) per year. Antelope, zebra, lions, wildebeests, hyenas, elephants... Suffer from floods & drought Savanna

  23. What are the characteristics of DESERTS? Hot Cold Semi-Arid Coastal

  24. Low annual rainfall (1.5 cm) Subject to strong winds Days usually hot 43.5-49° C & nights cold -18° C. Sahara desert is without vegetation Succulents such as cacti & other water storing plants Most animals nocturnal Lizards, snakes, roadrunners, insects, tarantula, hawks, rodents, coyotes... Deserts

  25. STOP

  26. Ocean Zones • Intertidal zone 1. Along shoreline2. Wave action3. Lots of light so many producers4. Starfish, sand dollars... • Neritic Zone1. Ocean water above continental shelf2. Coral reef found here3. Surrounds continents & receives light in upper layers • Bathyal • Abyssal

  27. Oceanic Zone Beyond continental shelf Deepest area (up to 7 miles) 3. Bottom doesn't receive light so animals adapted to darkness (many produce their own light, feed on other animals...) Deepest area called abyss Upper area gets light & called the photic zone (lots of seaweed here) Floaters called plankton (microscopic organisms) Swimmers such as fish called nekton Bottom dwellers called benthos Ocean Zones

  28. What is a biome? • A biomeis a _________________with the _________climax communities • Biomes located ___________are called _____________biomes • Biomes located _________are called __________ biomes

  29. What are the Aquatic Biomes?

  30. What animal life and plant life exist in the Aquatic Biomes?

  31. What are the Terrestrial Biomes? • _______________ • __________ aka Coniferous (Boreal) Forest • _______________ Deciduous Forest • ____________________________(jungle) • ____________________________ • _________________ (tropical grasslands) • _________________

  32. BIOMES OF THE WORLD FAUNA FLORA (PLANTS) (ANIMALS) ________________________ CLIMATE PRECIPITATION (TEMPERATURE) (RAINFALL)

  33. BIOMES OF THE WORLD FAUNA FLORA (PLANTS) (ANIMALS) ________________________ CLIMATE PRECIPITATION (TEMPERATURE) (RAINFALL)

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