High Performance Networking in Agricultural Research

1. Marco van den BergWilliam G. Padolina International Rice Research Institute http://irri.org High Performance Networking in Agricultural Research

2. Exciting times in rice research Simultaneous revolutions in biology, communications, and computational power Remote data storage and analysis capacities universally accessible Bioinformatics Vast arrays of data generated worldwide Remote computational power generates new generation of questions and applications Global Rice Science Partnership

3. Omics • Genomics, Proteomics, etc. • 2005 - Rice genome sequence published • 2006 - SUB1 gene identified • 2009 - Swarna-SUB1 variety developed • 2010 - Released to farmers • 2011 - Start sequencing 10,000 varieties (500 TeraBytes raw data 4 TB net data) • 2012 - Drought-tolerant gene • 201? - Sequenced >108,000 rice varieties

4. Rice Sequencing Consortium (2005) National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences/Institute of the Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries JapanThe Institute for Genomic Research USAChinese Academy of Sciences ChinaINRA-URGV France Cirad-Amis FranceThe University of Arizona USAAcademia Sinica Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Taiwan National Yang-Ming University University of Delhi India Indian Agricultural Research InstituteRutgers University USANational Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Republic of KoreaRice Gene Discovery Unit Kasetsart University ThailandCentro de Genomica e Fitomelhoramento BrazilJohn Innes Centre UKWashington University USA University of Wisconsin USACenter for Information Biology and DNA Data Bank of JapanNational Institute of Genetics Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Japan National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Japan Medical Research Institute Japan Biological Informatics Consortium JapanCornell University USA Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory USA McGill University Canada York University Canada International Rice Research Institute Philippines Graduate School of Natural Sciences Nagoya City University JapanBrookhaven National Laboratory USA

5. Dr. Detlef Weigel (Max Planck Institute): This is a milestone that is key for the next phase of exploiting the genes that have been accumulated over millennia in the many rice strains available at IRRI and in gene banks at other rice breeding institutes worldwide Dr Ken McNally (IRRI) Tens of gigabytes of data generated in the initial study were shared with collaborators and published on external databases to make them available to researchers around the world. Data volumes will rise dramatically in the future DNA Data TransferBuilding a bigger picture with advanced communications links

6. Global Rice Information Gateway • Real-time crop information • medium-term supply and demand outlook • policy briefs • comprehensive rice data sets at all levels Rice monitoring and forecasting system for each country will be developed by combining techniques such as satellite-based remote sensing with weather and crop modeling, and econometric modeling.

7. European Space Agency ENVISAT 2011: 200 scenes x 60 MB = 12 GB 2012: 15,000 scenes = 900 GB Heavy Traffic

8. Site Specific Nutrient Management Use the farmer as the sensor Simple, local language interface Web & Voice Operational in Philippines, Android in Beta test Next: Indonesia, China, Bangladesh In development: Crop Manager First Mile = The FarmerConnecting farmers with research

9. Precision agriculture services to poor farmers Savings Loans Crop Insurance Service Platform Input Supply Farmer Guidelines DecisionSupportToolsWeb / Phone Tools for Wise Investments Nutrient Manager Crop Manager Tools to protect investment Crop Doctor Pest Management Consolidation of Knowledge Localization Research Verification R&D Modeling Simulations Farmer Participatory Testing

10. Agricultural Research Funding Falls ShortIRRI Budget 1960-2009000 US$ 2009