The Second Great Awakening

1. The Second Great Awakening

3. Revival of Religion -People’s actions determined their own salvation! Belief in the “Doctrine of Free Will”

4. Charles Finney- Revivals •  "a mighty baptism of the Holy Ghost" which "like a wave of electricity going through and through me...seemed to come in waves of liquid love." The next morning, he informed his first client of the day, "I have a retainer from the Lord Jesus Christ to plead his cause and I cannot plead yours." Refusing to attend Princeton Seminary (or any seminary, for that matter), Finney began conducting revivals in upstate New York. One of his most popular sermons was, "Sinners Bound to Change Their Own Hearts.“ • "The Legacy of Charles Finney." Modern Reformation. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Mar. 2014. <http://www.modernreformation.org/default.php?page=articledisplay&var2=625>.

5. Temperance Movement

6. Prohibition • No drinking • Women led the movement due to abuses at home

7. Prohibition- Ban/No Alcohol

8. Prison Reform • Dorothea Dix- Teacher who led the fight to prison reform. • Focused on conditions, treatment, and sanitary of prisons

9. Prison and Mentally Ill Their goals were prison libraries, basic literacy (for Bible reading), reduction of whipping and beating, commutation of sentences, and separation of women, children and the sick. Dorothea Dix- Fixing the asylums – Talk Therapy

10. Education • Horace Mann- Preserve Democracy • Fix the working/poor class • Create discipline • Educate all children, created the school system.

11. What is a feminist? Is it a good or bad thing? Give an example of one.

12. belief in women's rights: belief in the need to secure rights and opportunities for women equal to those of men, or a commitment to securing these

13. Why are women that are in a position of power, portrayed negatively? Are they?

15. Malala-Yousafzai

16. Truth http://www.biography.com/people/sojourner-truth-9511284

17. Born a slave • Abolitionist & Women’s rights activist • In May of 1851, Truth delivered a speech at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in Akron. The extemporaneous speech, recorded by several observers, would come to be known as "Ain't I a Woman?"

18. Mott

19. Quaker Minister • Opposed Slavery • World Anti-Slavery Convention • Kept Mott and Stanton out of convention

20. Seneca Falls Convention

23. There is nothing of greater importance to the well-being of society at large —of man as well as woman—than the true and proper position of woman. Much has been said, from time to time, upon this subject. It has been a theme for ridicule, for satire and sarcasm. We might look for this from the ignorant and vulgar; but from the intelligent and refined we have a right to expect that such weapons shall not be resorted to,—that gross comparisons and vulgar epithets shall not be applied, so as to place woman, in a point of view, ridiculous to say the least.

24. The question is often asked, "What does woman want, more than she enjoys? What is she seeking to obtain? Of what rights is she deprived? What privileges are withheld from her? I answer, she asks nothing as favor, but as right, she wants to be acknowledged a moral, responsible being. She is seeking not to be governed by laws, in the making of which she has no voice. She is deprived of almost every right in civil society, and is a cypher in the nation, except in the right of presenting a petition.

25. In religious society her disabilities, as already pointed out, have greatly retarded her progress. Her exclusion from the pulpit or ministry—her duties marked out for her by her equal brother man, subject to creeds, rules, and disciplines made for her by him—this is unworthy her true dignity.

26. Declaration of Sentiments

27. For each sentiment: 1. What is the purpose of the sentiment? 2. Can it be implemented? Why?

28. Noted Frederick Douglass in the North Star: "A discussion of the rights of animals would be regarded with far more complacency by many of what are called the wise and the good of our land, than would be a discussion of the rights of woman."

29. Anthony

30. Formed the National Woman Suffrage Association in 1869 • Convinced NY to allow women to have property rights

32. How can we, as members of this American Society make an effort to change the role women have in society?

34. People, families, and income • While the populations of both men and women are aging, women continue to outnumber men at older ages. • Both women and men are delaying marriage. • Fewer women are married than in the past. • More women than in the past have never had a child. • Women are giving birth to their first child at older ages. • Women are having fewer children. • Most adults live in households headed by married couples; single-mother households are more common than single-father households. • Women are more likely than men to be in poverty. More women than men have lived below the poverty line consistently since 1966.

35. Education • Women’s gains in educational attainment have significantly outpaced those of men over the last 40 years. • Female students score higher than males on reading assessments and lower than males on mathematics assessments. • Higher percentages of women than men age 25–34 have earned a college degree. • More women than men have received a graduate education. • Women earn the majority of conferred degrees overall but earn fewer degrees than men in science and technology. • Higher percentages of women than men participate in adult education.

36. Employment • After decades of significant increases, the labor force participation rate for women has held steady in recent years. • Unemployment rates for women have risen less than for men in recent recessions. • More women than men work part-time, and women and men have roughly equal access to flexible work schedules. • Education pays for both women and men, but the pay gap persists. • Women and men continue to work in different occupations. • Female-headed families have the lowest family earnings among all family types. • In families where both husband and wife are employed, employed wives spend more time in household activities than do employed husbands. • Women are more likely than men to do volunteer work.

37. Health • Women have longer life expectancy than men, but the gap is decreasing. • Women are almost 40 percent more likely than men to report difficulty walking. • More women than men report having a chronic medical condition. • Females age 12 and older are more likely than males to report experiencing depression. • More than one-third of all women age 20 and older are obese. • Less than half of all women meet the Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic activity. • In 2008, the cesarean rate was the highest ever reported in the United States. • Many women do not receive specific recommended preventive care. • The share of women age 18–64 without health insurance has increased. • One out of seven women age 18–64 has no usual source of health care.

38. Crime and violence • Nonfatal violent crimes against women declined between 1993 and 2008. • Homicides of females declined between 1993 and 2008. • Nonfatal attacks on women by intimate partners declined between 1994 and 2008. • Deported rape rates declined during the 1990s and have remained stable in recent years. • Women are at greater risk than men for stalking victimization. • Females account for a small but growing share of persons arrested for violent crimes other than homicide. • Females are convicted more frequently for property crimes than for violent crimes. • The imprisonment rate for females has increased significantly.

39. Industrial Revolution and Abolitionism -These are two other reform movements that alter America’s course. -We will be studying these in the near future.

40. Changes in Art and Literature

41. Washington Irving- “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” “Rip Van Winkle”

42. James Fenimore Cooper “The Last of the Mohicans”

43. Transcendentalism- a movement that sought to explore the relationship between humans and nature through emotions rather than through reason. What traits does this include?

44. Ralph Waldo Emerson- Leading Transcendentalist Importance of Individualism

45. "Self-Reliance," first published in Essays (First Series) in 1841, is widely considered to be the definitive statement of Ralph Waldo Emerson's philosophy of individualism and the finest example of his prose. The essay is a fabric woven of many threads, from a journal entry written as early as 1832 to material first delivered in lectures between 1836 and 1839. Emerson was known for his repeated use of the phrase ‘‘trust thyself

46. "Self-Reliance" is his explanation—both systematic and passionate—of what he meant by this and of why he was moved to make it his catch-phrase. Every individual possesses a unique genius, Emerson argues, that can only be revealed when that individual has the courage to trust his or her own thoughts, attitudes, and inclinations against all public disapproval.

47. According to the conventions of his time, Emerson uses the terms "men" and "mankind" to address all humanity, and the multitude of examples he gives of individuals who exhibited self-reliance and became great are all men. These factors somewhat date Emerson's presentation; the underlying ideas, however, remain powerful and relevant.

48. Henry David Thoreau- Lived at Walden Pond Encouraged Civil Disobedience - The idea that people should peacefully disobey unjust laws if their consciences demand it.

50. Louisa May Alcott- “Little Women” Herman Melville- “Moby-Dick” Nathaniel Hawthorne- “The Scarlet Letter”