Take Practice Test: On a separate sheet of paper write down numbers 1-60.

1. Take Practice Test: On a separate sheet of paper write down numbers 1-60. 1. 2. 3. through 60. Indicate which ones you got correct with + or - . Use the grade breakdown to check your score.

2. This is the Benchmark Grade Breakdown Grade # Correct Points Earned A 57-60 171-180 B 51-56 153-168 C 42-50 126-150 D 35-41 105-123 F 0-34 0-102

3. Use Gold for 2nd Semester Benchmark Questions

4. 1. Inv.&Exp.1A, 1C,1D &1F

5. 1. (I&E 1.f.) A group of scientist observe that tomatoes grow best when treated with fertilizer. One states that fertilizer helps to promote plant growth. This statement is an example of the following? • A. ConclusionB. Theory • C. HypothesisD. Observation

6. 2. (I&E 1.j.) In a controlled experiment, a control group is predetermined not to receive the test condition. A control group or constant helps scientist to identify the response to the variable that is being ________ ? • Focused on. • Controlled • C. Tested • D. None of the above.

7. 2. Standard 1H Macromolecules

8. Standard 1H 3. Macromolecules are made from? A. Many different substances. B. Complex chemicals. C. One organic compound only. D. simple molecules.

9. 3. Standards 4E & 4F Macromolecules

10. Standard 4E & 4F 4. The cells of individuals with some inherited disease are unable to make the correct proteins. How could these proteins be different? A. Proteins do not determine illness. B. They have the same number & kinds of amino acids. C. Proteins are different because they have a different number & amino acid sequence.

11. Standard 4E & 4F 5. Which of the following, is not a means by which proteins can be different? A. The kinds of amino acids. B. The number of amino acids. C. The sequence of amino acids. D. The ribosomes that help manufacture proteins are mutated.

12. 4. Standards 1B Enzymes

13. Standard 1B 6. Acid rain could very well reduce plant populations by changing the pH of plants. What does this pH change affect, in the biochemical reactions of plants? A. Peptidosis B. Acids C. Bases D. enzymes

14. B C A D 7. Which part of the graph shows activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction in the presence of an enzyme? A B C or D

15. 5. The Following Slides contain, Cell Biology Standard 1A,1C &1E.

16. 8. Once the protein that will be used by other cells leaves the rough endoplasmic reticulum, it will be further processed in the _______? • smooth ER • nucleus • mitochondria • golgi apparatus

17. 9. Prokaryotes differ from Eukaryotic cells because they lack a? • Cytoplasm • Cell Membrane • Nucleus • DNA

18. 6. The Following Slides contain, Cell Biology Standard 1F.

19. 10. (Cell Biology 1F) The process of photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide in the Calvin Cycle to make _____? • Proteins B. Enzymes • C. Chloroplast D. Glucose

20. Chloroplast Light-Dependent Reactions • 11. (Cell Biology 1F) What part of the plant captures sunlight energy for photosynthesis? • Stroma B. Thylakoids • C. Chloroplast D. Glucose

21. 7. The Following Slides contain, Cell Biology Standard 1G.

22. 12. What is the purpose of the cellular process shown below? Glucose ATP CO2 + H2O Mitochondria • to breakdown protein. • to transform energy. • to make sugar. • to release storedenergy from food.

23. 8. 5A DNA Structure & Replication

24. 13. (5A) Which is shaped in a double helix? • A strand of DNA • A strand of RNA • A protein • A & C

25. 9. 2A & 2B Meiosis

26. 14. (2a) In Comparing the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Which of the following statements is most correct ? • Both ensure that the gametes have one chromosome of each type, but only mitosis creates random gene assortment. • B. Both create random gene assortment, but only meiosis creates gametes. • C. Both ensure that the gametes have one chromosome of each type, but only meiosis creates random gene assortment. • D. Both are involved in creating gametes and random gene assortment.

27. 15. (2A) Meiosis results in the formation of • Two genetically different cells. • B. Two genetically identical cells. C. Four genetically different cells. D. Four genetically identical cells.

28. 10. 2C & 3B Segregation & Independent Assortment

29. 16. (3B) What genetic principle is shown in the diagram below? • mitosis • meiosis • law of segregation • law of independent Assortment

30. 17. 2D New combinations of alleles may be generated through the fusion of gametes during the process of ….. • Meiosis B. Mitosis • C.Random Chromosome Segregation • D. Fertilization

31. 11. 2D & 2E Segregation & Independent Assortment

32. 18. 2D In humans, a male has? • two X chromosomes. B. one X chromosome only • C. two Y chromosomes. • D. one X and one Y chromosome.

33. 12. 2F, 2G & 3A Segregation & Independent Assortment

34. 19. A female with a x-linked trait (X’X) and a male (XY) marry. What are the expected percentages of male offspring with this x-linked condition? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100%

35. 20. (2d) White cow alleles (a) are recessive to red cows alleles (A). A couple of rabbits venture out on their own mom is AA and dad is aa, what are their offspring likely to be? A A • Both Red and White. Aa Aa a a B. Red only. • C. White only. Aa Aa • D. It depends on color of environment.

36. 13. 1D & 5B Transcription & Translation

37. 21. (Cell Biology 1D) Which of the following describes how proteins are made in cells? • DNA is made from RNA & proteins are made from DNA. • RNA is made from DNA & proteins are made from RNA. • Proteins are made by DNA only. • RNA does not need DNA to make protein.

38. 22. (5B) What would be the complementary strand of the following sequence during DNA replication? TGACTTAG A. ACTGAACG B. ACTGAATG C. ACTGAACT D. ACTGAATC

39. TAC CCG AAT GGC CAG CCG ACT ATG GGC TTA CCG GTC GGC TGA 23. (5B) Which of the following would not help you determine if the nucleic acid strand you have is DNA or RNA? A. One base is cytosine. B. The sugar is ribose. C. The sugar is deoxyribose. D. The base is uracil.

40. 24. (5B) During semiconservative replication, one DNA sequence is paired with which of the following? • Its complementary RNA strand. • Its complementary amino acid sequence. • Its complementary DNA strand. • Its identical DNA strand.

41. 14. 4A & 4B Transcription & Translation

42. 25. (DNA & RNA Standard 4a) What happens during the process of translation? A. Messenger RNA is made from DNA B. The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins. C. tRNA is made from mRNA D. Copies of DNA molecules are made

43. 26. (4B) Which # represents translation? A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4

44. 27. (4a) Which of the following, show the correct order of protein synthesis? • DNA, mRNA, tRNA & nucleus. • DNA, tRNA, mRNA & ribosomes. • DNA, ribosomes, mRNA & tRNA. • DNA, mRNA, tRNA & ribosomes.

45. 28. (4a) The diagram belowshows what part of protein synthesis? • translation • DNA Replication • transcription • proteinification

46. 29. (4a) How can you differentiate between DNA undergoing transcription and not DNA replication? • the original strand contains thymine. • the complementary strand contains thymine. • the complementary strand contains uracil. • the original strand contains uracil.

47. 30. (4a) Use RNA Codon Table below to find the codons for Pheylalanine-Serine- Valine- Asparatic Acid? • UUU-ACC-GUU-GAU • UUC-UCC-GUA-GCC • UUU-CCC-UUU-GAU • UUU-UCU-GUU-GAU

48. 31. (4a) Use RNA Codon Table below to determine which codon below leaves protein unchanged by a mutation of the third base ? • UUC • AGU • GAU • ACU

49. 15. 4C & 4D Mutations & Gene Expression

50. 32. (4C) The following shows a mutation on a DNA strand. How would this mutation affect the protein being coded for? ABC*DEF DEF*ABC • It alters the sequence of amino acids from the point of mutation. • the amino acid sequence is not affected. • this reversal only changes the secondary to tertiary structure. • None of the Above