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Music During the Baroque Period. Music Era Timeline. The Baroque Period. Started around 1600 and ended around 1750 Gave a more refined style of music than the Renaissance period. Started because music was developing into something new. Characteristics of Baroque Music.
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The Baroque Period • Started around 1600 and ended around 1750 • Gave a more refined style of music than the Renaissance period. • Started because music was developing into something new.
Characteristics of Baroque Music • More use of loud and soft dynamics due to the improved instruments. • Compositions started to be more refined. There was more of an emphasis on a single melody with accompaniment. • Use of basso continuo- played by the cello, bassoon, a keyboard instrument, or viola da gamba. It is a bass line that is written out and slightly improvised to accompany a melody. • More use of dissonance than in the renaissance period.
Reformed/New Ideas in the Baroque Era • The introduction of more refined styles of music both vocal and instrumental: • Operas • Oratorios • Cantata • Sonata • Concerto • Suite • The development of new and improved instruments.
Question! • Even though the Baroque period has a time frame, what helped quantify when the Baroque period started and ended?
New Instruments: The Serpent • Added a baritone/tenor range to the horn family. • Hybrid of a flute and conical cornet. • Used a mouthpiece just like brass instruments today.
New Instruments: The Natural Trumpet • Before the trumpet had valves. • There were holes that changed the pitch/timbre. • Musicians had to have a good ear for the correct pitches when playing this instrument.
New Instruments: The Baroque Oboe • Was created as the successor to the shawm. • Had three keys unlike the modern Oboe. • Was used in military bands until the invention of the clarinet.
His MajestysSagbutts and Cornetts http://youtu.be/BzeIHcM_DQU
Ensemble Nova Academia http://youtu.be/ODo-4HfYW58
Question! • What is unique about the instruments and the performances you have just viewed? What makes it unique from the music that you hear today?
Important Composers • Johann Sebastian Bach • George Frideric Handel • Antionio Vivaldi • George Philipp Telemann • Henry Purcell
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) • Keyboardist, violinist, violist, and composer. • Made many contributions to music through his compositions. • Over 1100 compositions.
More on Bach • Most of his songs were cantatas, chorales, songs, and arias. • Many of his pieces are still performed today like the Bach Cello Suites. • Unfortunately a good amount of his music was destroyed through wars. • His death established the end of the baroque era.
ChristLag in Todesbanded BWV 4 • The text is based on a Lutheran hymn • Composed for Easter Sunday • Starts with the Sinfonia (All instrumental movement with strings and keyboard) • The piece then has seven verses that have either chorus or solo singers with accompaniment.
Question! • BWV is the way of categorizing Bach’s music. Does this mean that ChristLag In Todesbanded is an early or late composition of J.S. Bach? Why?