NATO-Russia Relations Отношения Россия-НАТО Relations OTAN Russie

1. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТОRelations OTAN Russie Lieutenant Colonel Patrick MULLER, FRA-A Joint Intelligence School, CFIAR Strasbourg, France

3. NRC meeting, Lisbon, 20 November 2010 Toward a truestrategic and modernisedpartnership Creation of a common space of peace, security and stability in the Euro-Atlantic area

4. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО Corner Stone

5. Corner Stone Dialogue and cooperation in the field of security with Russia, founded upon the reciprocal respect of each other’s interests, is one vital parameter to security. This dialogue has to be honest, but non naïve, and firm, and able to create a both constraining and acceptable structure to Russia and to NATO. Moreover, only dialogue and cooperation can contribute to bridge the gap between NATO and Russia and particularly help moving beyond cultural differences, especially in political culture. 6-9-2014

6. NATO-Russia RelationsOutline 1- On the way to a true strategic partnership based on common security interest ? 2- However still profound disagreements 3- Which ingredients for successful future NATO-Russia Relations?

7. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО -I- On the way to a true strategic partnership based on common security interest?

8. End of the “no business as usual” Foreign Ministers of the NATO-Russia Council (NRC) met in Corfu, Greece, on 27 June 2009 Vidéo 2 Afghanistan Counterterrorism Nuclear proliferation Piracy Climate change Military cooperation Decision to cooperate on areas of common interests 6-9-2014

9. NRC meeting, Lisbon, 20 November 2010 Toward a truestrategic and modernisedpartnership Creation of a common space of peace, security and stability in the Euro-Atlantic area 6-9-2014

10. NRC meeting, Lisbon, 20 November 2010 Upgrading the efficiency of the council

11. NATO-Russia RelationsSince 2002, a New Quality Joint declaration on NATO-Russia Relations: A New Quality, by Russian and Allied heads of state and government, at their summit meeting in Rome on 28 May 2002.

12. NATO-Russia RelationsNATO-RUSSIA COUNCIL (NRC) The NRC is a mechanism for consultation, consensus-building, cooperation, joint decision, and joint action Principle of Consensus But no Veto for Russia In the NRC, Russia and Allies meet as equals and take decisions “at 29” 6-9-2014

13. NATO-Russia RelationsNATO-RUSSIA COUNCIL (NRC) NRC: a solid structure for resuming / promoting the NATO-Russia relations

14. NRC meeting, Lisbon, 20 November 2010 • NATO-Russia Council • Conventionalarms control regime in Europe • START • To create the conditions for a world withoutnuclearweapons, in accordance with the goals of the NPT • Endorsement of the Joint Review of 21st Century Common Security Challenges • Missile defence; to develop a comprehensive Joint Analysis of the future framework for cooperation • Railway transit of non-lethal ISAF goodsthroughRussianterritory • Expand the scope of the Project on Counter-Narcotics Training • Afghan Air Force helicopterfleet : development of an NRC Helicopter Maintenance Trust Fund in 2011

15. NRC Helicopter Maintenance Trust Fund Maintenance and repair capacity Launched on 2 March 2011 To the Afghan Air Force helicopter fleet Airlift and air power are essential elements of the Afghan counterinsurgency

16. NRC meeting, Lisbon, 20 November 2010 • NATO-Russia Council • Conventionalarms control regime in Europe • START • To create the conditions for a world withoutnuclearweapons, in accordance with the goals of the NPT • Endorsement of the Joint Review of 21st Century Common Security Challenges • Missile defence; to develop a comprehensive Joint Analysis of the future framework for cooperation • Railway transit of non-lethal ISAF goodsthroughRussianterritory • Expand the scope of the Project on Counter-Narcotics Training • Afghan Air Force helicopterfleet : development of an NRC Helicopter Maintenance Trust Fund in 2011 • Counter-terrorism (technology to detect explosives, CooperativeAirspace Initiative, information exchange, Active Endeavour) • Counter-piracy 6-9-2014

17. NRC MR Work Plan 2012 NATO-Russia Council Chiefs of Defence approve the Work Plan for 2012, 18th January 2012 • - Logistics • - Combating Terrorism • Search and Rescue at Sea • - Counter Piracy • Theatre Missile Defence • - Military Academic Exchanges

18. NATO-Russia RelationsOutline 1- On the way to a true strategic partnership based on common security interest ? 2- However still profound disagreements 3- Which ingredients for successful future NATO-Russia Relations?

19. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО -II- However still profound disagreements

20. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО ? “East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet.” Rudyard Kipling ?

21. NATO-Russia Relations CRISIS Profound divergence in national interests The NATO-Russia crisis is the resultant of the crisis between “Russia and the West”, and more particularly between Russia and the US.

22. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО « All over theseyearsRussia has been put in front of alreadyaccomplishedfacts: Kosovo, withdrawal from the antimissile treaty, the deployment of antimissile sites in neighbouring countries, or even the endlessenlargement of NATO » Mikhail Gorbatchev, Aug 08, «NovaiaGazeta»

23. Threat Perceptions … “NATO enlargement has created more democratic stability on Russia’s western border than at any time since Napoleon”. Ronald D. Asmus January/February, 2008 “The appearance of a powerful military bloc on our borders will be taken by Russia as a direct threat to the security of our country”. Vladimir Putin NATO Summit, Bucharest, 2008

24. Missile Defense Drawing by NiyazKarim

28. Georgia’s pivotal role in the global energy market Analysis of the current crisis with Russia: a conflict of national interests 6-9-2014

29. The politically highly charged BTC & SCP pipelines Analysis of the current crisis with Russia A conflict of national interests 6-9-2014

30. 6-9-2014

31. 6-9-2014

32. Reasons for the Crisis / conflicting national interests Georgia’s pivotal role in the global energy market A key element of US Foreign policy # Russia wants Central Asia oil and gas to be exported via its own territory 6-9-2014

33. Russian President’s State-of-the-nation address to parliament, 12 Nov 2009 A new security architecture: « European Security Treaty » proposed to encompass NATO, OSCE, CSTO Indivisibility of security 6-9-2014

34. Analysis of the crisis with Russia: a conflict of national interests NATO’s / “Western” points of view versus Russia’s points of view

35. Threat Perceptions … “NATO enlargement has created more democratic stability on Russia’s western border than at any time since Napoleon”. Ronald D. Asmus January/February, 2008 “The appearance of a powerful military bloc on our borders will be taken by Russia as a direct threat to the security of our country”. Vladimir Putin NATO Summit, Bucharest, 2008

36. NATO’s / “Western”points of view Disproportionate use of force Violation of sovereignty of Georgia Violation of territorial integrity of Georgia Humanitarian consequences (IDPs) Destruction of vital infrastructure Everything had been planned & calculated for long (“frozen conflict”, Russian citizenship policy) Concerning the Georgian conflict 6-9-2014

37. NATO’s / “Western”points of view General reasons Russia is a country, not democratic, that conducts a policy of influence on the countries that were in its former empire disrespectfully of their sovereignty 6-9-2014

39. 6-9-2014

40. Russia’s points of view

41. Russia’s points of view Concerning the Georgian conflict • “Russia wanted to respect the World order, but the Georgian attack…” • “Protection of South Ossetian population” • “Georgia’s irresponsible & criminal regime” (11th Sep 01) • The war was organized by the US • Criminal equipment and training of Georgian troops by the US • Georgian attack of August with the consent of the US • Not alternative to recognition of South Ossetia and Abkhazia

42. NATO’s use of force without the consent of the UNSC Disproportionate use of force Violation of sovereignty of Serbia Violation of territorial integrity of Serbia Humanitarian consequences (IDPs) Destruction of vital infrastructure Recognition of Kosovo (planned & calculated for long) Russia’s points of view Concerning Kosovo 6-9-2014

43. Russia’s points of view General reasons • Chaos of international system (international law) • Another conception of the world • Another civilization • Own original model • Orthodoxy

44. NATO-Russia RelationsOutline 1- On the way to a true strategic partnership based on common security interest ? 2- However still profound disagreements 3- Which ingredients for successful future NATO-Russia Relations?

45. NATO-Russia RelationsОтношенияРоссия-НАТО -III- Which ingredients for successful future NATO-Russia Relations?

46. Which ingredients for successful future NATO-Russia Relations? To understand Russia

47. NATO to understand Russia and its identity • The immensity of the Russian territory • The Mongol yoke • Imperial identity • Autocracy , no democratic tradition • Orthodoxy, the Third Rome • The soviet impact • Fear of Encirclement • Need for security • Need to be treated as the equal of the United States

48. Russian President’s State-of-the-nation address to parliament, 12 Nov 2009 To restaure Russia’s World Power status

49. The role of History Stalin's policy of nationalities The Russian Empire: multiethnic Russian Minorities in Former Soviet Republic & Separatist Regions 6-9-2014 LE MONDE

50. 6-9-2014