제 15 장 < 수 동 태 >

1. 제 15장< 수 동 태 >

2. ◈( 수 동 태 )=> be + 과거분사(p.p.) ◈ She(주어)loves(동사)him(목적어). (능동태) He is loved by her. (수동태) (수동태 주어) (be +과거분사) (by+목적격) ※능동태 => 수동태 (현 재) He paints those pictures. => Those pictures by him. are painted They speak well(ill )of Mary. => Mary iswell ( ill )spoken of. (x)Mary is spoken well ( ill ) of(by them). (과 거) She took good care of the baby.(☞take care of) => ▶ Good care The baby by her. was taken good care of was taken of the baby by her.

3. (미 래) We will elect a new president. => A new president by us. will be elected (현,과,미:완료형) They have broken the window. => The window by them. has been broken (현,과:진행형)She is making a doll. => is being made A doll by her. (조동사)You mustdo the work at once. => I am going toinvite Tom. => must be done The work at once by you. Tom is going to beinvited (by me). • ◈수동태 불가능 타동사: have, become(어울리다),resemble, meet, lack • Hehasa car.=>A car is had by him.(X) • The boy resembles his mother. • Her new dress becomesher well.

4. ※4 형식(S+V+I.O+D.O)수동태 :1,3형식으로 변형 • I gavehimthe book. • => • => The bookwas given(to)him by me.(1) 직목주어 Hewas given the book by me. (3) 간목주어 ⊙She boughtmea bike. => => A bikewas boughtfor me by her. Iwas bought a bike by her.(X) :간목 주어수동 不可 • ◈read,write,pass,sing,get,bring,make,buy,sell • =>직.목을주어로만수동태 가능함 • She made me a doll.=>A doll was made forme by her. • I wrote him a letter.=>A letter was written him by me. ⊙They enviedhimhis luck. =>(간.목주어) => Hewas envied his luck by them. His luckwas envied him by them. (X):직목수동不可 ◈ kiss,envy,answer,save :간.목을 주어로만 수동태

5. ※5 형식의 수동태 : S + V + O + O.C a. We elected himchairman. => b. The lady asked usto push her car. => c. Mother madeuswork hard. (사역동사) => d. I sawhimenter the room. (지각동사) => He was elected chairman by us. We were asked to push her car by the lady. We were made hard by Mother. to work He was seen the room by me. to enter ※부정문의 수동태 ( She liked him.) • She did not like him. → • => • Mary will not play the piano. • => He was liked by her. not The piano will beplayed by Mary. not

6. ※의문문 수동태 1. Did you find the book? (수동태 변환 순서 유의) a)평서문 으로: You found the book. b)수 동 태 로: The book was found by you. c)의문문(정답): Was the book found by you? 2. Who broke this window? (수동태로) a)평서문 으로: He broke this window. b)수동태로: This window was broken by him. c)의문문: Was this window broken by him? (= by whom) By whomwas this window broken? d)(정답) : (= ) Who was this window broken by ?

7. ※have(get) + O + p.p=>a) ~을 시키다b) ~을 당하다 a) I had (got) my radio repaired. (능동형 수동태) (뜻) b) I had (got) my money stolen. (뜻) My radio was repaired by the repairman. My money was stolen by someone. ※능동 수동태로 해석=> The book sells well.(팔린다) ◈by 이외의 전치사◈ • The news surprised me.=> I was surprisedat the news. ◈be known( to , by, for ) ~에게 알려지다, ~로 알 수 있다, ~로 유명하다 ◈be filled with◈be covered with◈be pleased with ◈be killed by(with)◈be married to ◈ be interested in ◈be satisfied with ◈ be disappointed at(in) ◈ be made of(from)◈be worried about

8. ◈by + 행위자 생략 =>(행위자가 명확한 사람, 일반인, 막연한 사람)및 관용 수동형 • My homework will be finished tonight. (by me) • English is spoken in America. (by them) • He was killed in the war (by them). • I was born in 1960. • The games were held in Seoul. • The school is located(=issituated) on the hill. ◈ ( 기타 수동태 ) ◈ 1. 명령문 Let + O + be + p.p a)긍정명령: ( ) * Do it at once.=> b)부정명령: ( ) * Don’t kill the bird.=> Let itbe done at once. Let+O+not be+p.p,Don’t let+O+be+p.p Let the birdnotbe killed. (or) Don’t let the birdbe killed.

9. 2. 목적어 명사절( 주절, 종속절:시제 관계 에 유의) Itwas believed by me Itisnotbelieved by anybody a) I believedthat he was rich. => => b) Nobody believesthat hewas rich. *(no = not any) => => thathe wasrich. He was believed to be rich by me. (단순부정사) thathewasrich. He is not believed to have been rich by anybody. (완료형 부정사) ※수동형 문장: 동작(~되어지다)과 상태(~되어져 있다) • The gate is opened at six. (동작) • The gate is opened. (상태) • You will get(=become) used to such things.(동작)